Rogers Naomi L, Dinges David F
Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, P.O. Box M77, Missenden Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.
Clin Sports Med. 2005 Apr;24(2):e1-13, x-xi. doi: 10.1016/j.csm.2004.12.012.
Caffeine is one of the most widely consumed drugs in the world, taken socially and for its alertness- and performance-promoting actions. Extensive reports assert that caffeine increases alertness and cognitive performance levels and, when taken before exercise, demonstrates ergogenic properties. Caffeine ingestion has been associated with increased performance during endurance submaximal, and acute, high-intensity exercise. The exact mechanism of action for the performance effects of caffeine is unknown, although several physiologically and psychologically based theories exist as to how caffeine achieves increased performance capabilities. This paper outlines the known sites of caffeine activity in the body,and discusses these with respect to the effects of caffeine observed during performance assessments.
咖啡因是世界上消费最为广泛的药物之一，人们出于社交目的以及其促进警觉性和提升表现的作用而摄入它。大量报告称，咖啡因能提高警觉性和认知表现水平，并且在运动前服用时具有提高运动能力的特性。摄入咖啡因与在耐力次最大强度运动以及急性高强度运动期间表现提升有关。尽管存在几种基于生理和心理的理论来解释咖啡因如何实现提升运动能力的效果，但咖啡因对运动表现影响的确切作用机制尚不清楚。本文概述了咖啡因在体内已知的作用部位，并结合在运动表现评估中观察到的咖啡因的作用进行讨论。
