Morley S J, Coldwell M J, Clemens M J
Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK.
Cell Death Differ. 2005 Jun;12(6):571-84. doi: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4401591.
Recent studies have identified several mechanistic links between the regulation of translation and the process of apoptosis. Rates of protein synthesis are controlled by a wide range of agents that induce cell death, and in many instances, the changes that occur to the translational machinery precede overt apoptosis and loss of cell viability. The two principal ways in which factors required for translational activity are modified prior to and during apoptosis involve (i) changes in protein phosphorylation and (ii) specific proteolytic cleavages. In this review, we summarise the principal targets for such regulation, with particular emphasis on polypeptide chain initiation factors eIF2 and eIF4G and the eIF4E-binding proteins. We indicate how the functions of these factors and of other proteins with which they interact may be altered as a result of activation of apoptosis and we discuss the potential significance of such changes for translational control and cell growth regulation.
最近的研究已经确定了翻译调控与细胞凋亡过程之间的几种机制联系。蛋白质合成速率受多种诱导细胞死亡的因子控制，在许多情况下，翻译机制发生的变化先于明显的细胞凋亡和细胞活力丧失。在细胞凋亡之前和期间，翻译活性所需因子发生修饰的两种主要方式包括：（i）蛋白质磷酸化的变化和（ii）特异性蛋白水解切割。在这篇综述中，我们总结了这种调控的主要靶点，特别强调多肽链起始因子eIF2和eIF4G以及eIF4E结合蛋白。我们指出这些因子以及与它们相互作用的其他蛋白质的功能如何因细胞凋亡的激活而改变，并讨论这些变化对翻译控制和细胞生长调节的潜在意义。
