Carden Angela, Yost Michael G, Fenske Richard A
University of Washington, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
Appl Spectrosc. 2005 Mar;59(3):293-9. doi: 10.1366/0003702053585372.
Dermal absorption of pesticides is a primary exposure route for agricultural workers, but is not well characterized. Current measurement techniques are either invasive, such as tape-stripping, or require extensive sample preparation or analysis time, such as urinary metabolite monitoring or wipe sampling followed by gas chromatography analysis. We present the application of a noninvasive, spectroscopic approach for the measurement of pesticide absorption into skin. Attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR) was used to monitor directly the absorption of two pesticides--captan and azinphos-methyl--in ten volunteers over 20 min under occlusive conditions. We found substantial variability in absorption across subjects. Our results were comparable to those measured by the more traditional method of wipe-sampling followed by extraction and gas chromatography analysis. Multivariate data analysis, in the form of multivariate curve resolution (MCR), is a novel addition to this type of experiment, yielding time-resolved information unachievable by standard methods. These data are potentially more informative than the monitoring of blood or urinary metabolites because they can be acquired in essentially real-time, allowing observations of pesticide absorption on a rapid timescale rather than over hours or days.
农药经皮肤吸收是农业工人的主要接触途径，但目前对此了解并不充分。当前的测量技术要么具有侵入性，如胶带剥离法，要么需要大量的样品制备或分析时间，如尿液代谢物监测或擦拭取样后进行气相色谱分析。我们展示了一种用于测量农药经皮肤吸收的非侵入性光谱方法的应用。衰减全反射红外光谱法（ATR-IR）被用于在封闭条件下直接监测10名志愿者在20分钟内对两种农药——克菌丹和甲基谷硫磷——的吸收情况。我们发现不同受试者之间的吸收情况存在很大差异。我们的结果与采用更传统的擦拭取样后进行萃取和气相色谱分析方法所测得的结果相当。多变量数据分析以多变量曲线分辨（MCR）的形式出现，是此类实验中的一项新内容，可产生标准方法无法获得的时间分辨信息。这些数据可能比监测血液或尿液代谢物更具信息量，因为它们基本上可以实时获取，能够在快速的时间尺度上观察农药吸收情况，而不是在数小时或数天内进行观察。
