Nakashima Takuji, Kurachi Maki, Kato Yoko, Yamaguchi Kenichi, Oda Tatsuya
Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Fisheries, Nagasaki University, Japan.
Microbiol Immunol. 2005;49(5):407-15. doi: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2005.tb03744.x.
Recently we discovered a bacterial strain (MS-02-063) that produces large amounts of red pigment from coastal area of Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. Comparative 16S rDNA gene sequencing analysis revealed that strain MS-02-063 was phylogenetically closely related to gamma-proteobacterium Hahella sp. MBIC 3957 that produces prodigiosin. However, some physiological and biochemical differences between strain MS-02-063 and Hahella sp. MBIC 3957 were observed. The red pigment (RP-063) produced by this isolate was highly purified from the culture supernatant. It was speculated that RP-063 might be prodigiosin-like pigment in physical properties and biological activities such as antibacterial and cytotoxic activity. Antibacterial activity of RP-063 was examined by an agar dilution method. The results indicated that RP-063 showed antibacterial activity for specific for pathogenic gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. The potency of antibacterial activity against S. aureus was nearly equal to those of tetracycline. Moreover, RP-063 showed inhibition of the superoxide generation by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-stimulated mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cell line. Prodigiosin members have a wide variety of biological properties, including anticancer and antimalarial, etc. Especially, potent immunosuppressive properties have been reported for prodigiosin members with the mechanism of action different from that of the other well known immunosuppressors in atopic dermatitis therapy such as cyclosporin A, FK506 and rapamycin. It is suggested that RP-063 may be able to arrest the inflammation caused by superantigens secreted from S. aureus, which colonized skin on atopic dermatitis as well as suppression of activated lymphocyte proliferation and superoxide generation from leucocytes.
最近，我们从日本长崎县沿海地区发现了一种能产生大量红色色素的细菌菌株（MS - 02 - 063）。16S rDNA基因测序分析表明，MS - 02 - 063菌株在系统发育上与产生灵菌红素的γ - 变形菌属海氏菌属（Hahella sp.）MBIC 3957密切相关。然而，MS - 02 - 063菌株与海氏菌属MBIC 3957之间存在一些生理生化差异。从该分离株产生的红色色素（RP - 063）从培养上清液中进行了高度纯化。据推测，RP - 063在物理性质和生物活性如抗菌和细胞毒性活性方面可能是类灵菌红素色素。通过琼脂稀释法检测了RP - 063的抗菌活性。结果表明，RP - 063对特定的致病性革兰氏阳性菌如金黄色葡萄球菌具有抗菌活性。其对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌活性效力与四环素几乎相当。此外，RP - 063对12 - O - 十四酰佛波醇 - 13 - 乙酸酯（TPA）刺激的小鼠巨噬细胞RAW 264.7细胞系的超氧化物生成有抑制作用。灵菌红素成员具有多种生物学特性，包括抗癌和抗疟疾等。特别是，已报道灵菌红素成员具有强大的免疫抑制特性，其作用机制不同于特应性皮炎治疗中其他知名免疫抑制剂如环孢素A、FK506和雷帕霉素。提示RP - 063可能能够阻止金黄色葡萄球菌分泌的超抗原引起的炎症，金黄色葡萄球菌可定植于特应性皮炎患者的皮肤，同时还能抑制活化淋巴细胞增殖和白细胞产生超氧化物。
