Eichmann Anne, Yuan Li, Moyon Delphine, Lenoble Ferdinand, Pardanaud Luc, Breant Christiane
Inserm U36, Collège de France, Paris, France.
Int J Dev Biol. 2005;49(2-3):259-67. doi: 10.1387/ijdb.041941ae.
The adult vascular system is composed of an arterial, a venous and a lymphatic compartment. These different compartments respectively provide oxygen and nutrients to peripheral organs, remove carbon dioxide and waste products and maintain an immune barrier to defend the host against foreign organisms. Malfunctions of the vascular system represent a major cause of mortality and disease in developed countries. Understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating vascular system development and maintenance is thus crucial for the design of therapies to cure vascular diseases. The molecules implicated in the control of physiological and pathological angiogenesis in the adult already function during embryonic development. Indeed, the survival of the embryo also critically depends on the establishment of a functional circulatory loop. Here we review our current knowledge about the emergence of endothelial precursor cells in the embryo, of their assembly into the primary vascular plexus and of the remodeling of this plexus into arteries and veins. We also focus on the molecular mechanisms controlling the development of arteries, veins and lymphatic vessels.
成人血管系统由动脉、静脉和淋巴三个部分组成。这些不同的部分分别为外周器官提供氧气和营养物质，清除二氧化碳和代谢废物，并维持免疫屏障以保护宿主抵御外来生物体。在发达国家，血管系统功能失调是导致死亡和疾病的主要原因之一。因此，了解调节血管系统发育和维持的分子机制对于设计治疗血管疾病的疗法至关重要。参与控制成人生理性和病理性血管生成的分子在胚胎发育过程中就已发挥作用。事实上，胚胎的存活也严重依赖于功能性循环回路的建立。在这里，我们综述了目前关于胚胎中内皮前体细胞的出现、它们组装成初级血管丛以及该血管丛重塑为动脉和静脉的知识。我们还重点关注控制动脉、静脉和淋巴管发育的分子机制。
