Broeg K, Westernhagen H V, Zander S, Körting W, Koehler A
Alfred-Wegener-Institute for Polor and Marine Research, Ecotoxicology, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2005 May;50(5):495-503. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.02.042. Epub 2005 Apr 7.
The "bioeffect assessment index" (BAI) is based on the integration of several pathological endpoints measured in the liver of European flounder (Platichthys flesus (L.)) during a long term study of biological effects of pollution in the German Bight. The BAI represents a modification of the "health assessment index" since it includes solely validated biomarkers reflecting toxically induced alterations at different levels of biological organisation in order to quantify the effects of environmental pollution. The concept of the BAI is based on the observation of progressive deleterious effects from early responses to late effects. Specific "key events" were detected, representing progressive stages of functional deterioration. The biomarkers selected from a whole battery of cellular markers for the BAI calculation reflect deleterious effects of various classes of contaminants such as heavy metals, organochlorines, pesticides, PAHs, and therefore reflect general toxicity in an integrative manner. Selected biomarkers were: lysosomal perturbations (reduced membrane stability), storage disorders (lipid accumulation) as early markers for toxic effects of liver cells, and the size of macrophage aggregates and their acid phosphatase activity. The latter two markers are indicative for the modulation of non-specific immune response which represents longer time scale responses after chronic exposure.
“生物效应评估指数”（BAI）基于在德国湾污染生物效应长期研究期间对欧洲比目鱼（Platichthys flesus (L.)）肝脏中测量的几个病理终点的整合。BAI是对“健康评估指数”的一种改进，因为它仅包括经过验证的生物标志物，这些标志物反映了在不同生物组织水平上由毒性诱导的变化，以便量化环境污染的影响。BAI的概念基于对从早期反应到晚期效应的渐进性有害影响的观察。检测到了特定的“关键事件”，代表功能恶化的渐进阶段。从一系列细胞标志物中选择用于计算BAI的生物标志物反映了各类污染物（如重金属、有机氯、农药、多环芳烃）的有害影响，因此以综合方式反映了一般毒性。所选生物标志物包括：溶酶体扰动（膜稳定性降低）、储存障碍（脂质积累），作为肝细胞毒性效应的早期标志物，以及巨噬细胞聚集体的大小及其酸性磷酸酶活性。后两种标志物表明非特异性免疫反应的调节，这代表了慢性暴露后的较长时间尺度反应。
