Lehmann Klaus A
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
J Pain Symptom Manage. 2005 May;29(5 Suppl):S72-89. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2005.01.005.
Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) has become the gold standard for acute pain management since it was first introduced 20 years ago, and its merits have been discussed in quite a large number of publications. This review summarizes the more recent developments, such as new application devices and strategies, including intranasal, spinal, and regional PCA; patient-controlled sedation; experience with children and elderly people; and some data from chronic pain situations. Analyzing PCA literature from 2001 onwards confirms the author's long belief that the PCA principle ("WYNIWYG": what you need is what you get) was the most important aspect of a patient-controlled strategy, more or less independent of the type of drug or machine. Discovering this principle has changed the understanding of pain and suffering.
自20年前首次引入以来，患者自控镇痛（PCA）已成为急性疼痛管理的金标准，并且其优点已在大量出版物中进行了讨论。本综述总结了最近的进展，例如新的应用设备和策略，包括鼻内、脊髓和区域PCA；患者自控镇静；儿童和老年人的经验；以及一些来自慢性疼痛情况的数据。分析2001年以来的PCA文献证实了作者长期以来的信念，即PCA原则（“所见即所得”：你需要的就是你得到的）是患者自控策略中最重要的方面，或多或少独立于药物或机器的类型。发现这一原则改变了对疼痛和痛苦的理解。
