van den Putte Bas, Yzer Marco C, Brunsting Suzanne
Amsterdam School of Communication Research ASCoR, Department of Communication, University of Amsterdam, Kloveniersburgwal 48, 1012 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Prev Med. 2005 Jul;41(1):186-93. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.09.040. Epub 2004 Dec 9.
This study brings together the fragmentary knowledge on social influence factors related to smoking cessation. An inventory of social influence variables shows six social influence factors. With the exception of descriptive norm, most of these are rarely studied in the context of smoking cessation.
Regression analysis on the data of 2895 smokers was used to estimate the relative importance of social influence variables as predictors of intention. The moderating effect of quit history was studied by adding interaction terms to the regression analysis.
The regression analysis shows that subjective norm and injunctive norm, that is, the social norms on what ought to be done, are more important than descriptive norms, that is, the perceived smoking and smoking cessation behavior of others. This holds especially for smokers whose past cessation attempts quickly failed. Most smokers think that it is acceptable to smoke in most social situations, but simultaneously think that other people approve it if they quit smoking.
Results suggest that health campaigns should incite social interaction to increase smokers' awareness of social norms on the proper behavior. Also, studies into smoking cessation should take account of the various social influence factors outlined in this study.
本研究汇集了与戒烟相关的社会影响因素方面的零散知识。一份社会影响变量清单显示了六个社会影响因素。除描述性规范外，这些因素中的大多数在戒烟背景下很少被研究。
对2895名吸烟者的数据进行回归分析，以估计社会影响变量作为意图预测指标的相对重要性。通过在回归分析中添加交互项来研究戒烟史的调节作用。
回归分析表明，主观规范和指令性规范，即关于应该做什么的社会规范，比描述性规范，即他人的吸烟和戒烟行为认知，更重要。这尤其适用于过去戒烟尝试很快失败的吸烟者。大多数吸烟者认为在大多数社交场合吸烟是可以接受的，但同时认为如果他们戒烟，其他人会表示赞成。
结果表明，健康运动应激发社会互动，以提高吸烟者对适当行为社会规范的认识。此外，戒烟研究应考虑本研究中概述的各种社会影响因素。
