Boomkens Sacha Y, Slump Estel, Egberink Herman F, Rothuizen Jan, Penning Louis C
Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 8, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Vet Microbiol. 2005 Jun 15;108(1-2):49-55. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.03.003. Epub 2005 Apr 14.
Hepatitis, either acute or chronic, is a relatively common hepatic disease in dogs. Several forms of canine hepatitis can occur, some with a defined cause, most cases have an unknown etiology. The similarities between canine hepatitis and human viral hepatitis suggest that canine hepatitis may have a viral etiology too.
To test liver tissue of dogs with hepatitis for the presence of candidate agents based on their known association with hepatitis in other mammals.
The following infectious agents were tested by PCR: Hepadnaviridae, Helicobacter spp., Leptospira spp., Borrelia spp., hepatitis A virus, hepatitis C virus and hepatitis E virus. Also canine adenovirus and parvovirus were included. Ninety-eight liver tissue samples of dogs with various histologically diagnoses forms of hepatitis were tested. Primers were designed on conserved regions in the genome of each of these agents, to increase the likelihood of detection by PCR. To further increase sensitivity, nested PCRs for all agents were designed. Finally, for each agent a nested short primer PCR (SPP) was performed.
None of these agents were detected by nested PCR and nested SPP. However, in two acute hepatitis liver samples parvovirus was detected by nested PCR, and one of these was also detected by nested SPP.
Hepatitis in dogs is not caused by agents with high homology to known infectious agents that cause hepatitis in other species.
肝炎，无论是急性还是慢性，都是犬类相对常见的肝脏疾病。犬类肝炎有多种形式，有些有明确病因，大多数病例病因不明。犬类肝炎与人类病毒性肝炎的相似性表明犬类肝炎可能也有病毒病因。
根据已知与其他哺乳动物肝炎的关联，检测患肝炎犬的肝脏组织中是否存在候选病原体。
通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测以下感染因子：嗜肝DNA病毒科、幽门螺杆菌属、钩端螺旋体属、疏螺旋体属、甲型肝炎病毒、丙型肝炎病毒和戊型肝炎病毒。还包括犬腺病毒和细小病毒。对98份具有各种组织学诊断形式肝炎的犬肝脏组织样本进行了检测。在这些病原体各自基因组的保守区域设计引物，以增加PCR检测的可能性。为进一步提高灵敏度，针对所有病原体设计了巢式PCR。最后，对每种病原体进行了巢式短引物PCR（SPP）。
通过巢式PCR和巢式SPP均未检测到这些病原体中的任何一种。然而，在两份急性肝炎肝脏样本中，通过巢式PCR检测到了细小病毒，其中一份也通过巢式SPP检测到。
犬类肝炎不是由与其他物种中已知引起肝炎的感染因子高度同源的病原体引起的。
