Wen C P, Cheng T Y, Eriksen M P, Tsai S P, Hsu C C
Division of Health Policy Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Taipei, Taiwan.
Tob Control. 2005 Jun;14 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):i4-9. doi: 10.1136/tc.2004.008516.
To assess the effect of the opening of the Taiwanese cigarette market on cigarette consumption, changes in market share, and the effects on tobacco control efforts.
With the use of key word "Taiwan", the Legacy Tobacco Documents Library of the University of California, San Francisco, was searched for internal documents related to smuggling activities, promotion of light cigarettes, and market share analyses in Taiwan. Age adjusted smoking rates and cigarette and betel quid consumption before and after market opening were compared.
By 2000, the market share of imported cigarettes increased from less than 2% in 1986 to nearly 50%, and per capita cigarette consumption increased 15% following market opening. Because of the sharp increase in smuggling, with contraband cigarettes being as popular as legal imports, and the rapid proliferation of retail outlets, such as betel quid stalls, the market penetration by foreign tobacco companies was greater in Taiwan than among the other Super 301 Asian countries. Aggressive cigarette marketing strategies were associated with a 6% increase in adult male smoking prevalence, and with a 13% increase in the youth rate, within three years after market opening. The market opening also had an incidental effect on increasing the popularity of betel quid. Betel quid chewing has since become a major public health problem in Taiwan.
The opening of the cigarette market in 1987 had a long lasting impact on Taiwan. It increased smoking prevalence and the market has become dominated by foreign companies. The seriousness of smuggling and its associated loss of revenue by the government, the extent of increased youth smoking and its associated future health care costs, and the increased use of betel quid and the associated doubling of oral cancer mortality rates each pose significant problems to Taiwan. However, the market opening galvanised anti-smoking sentiment and forced the government to initiate and intensify a series of tobacco control efforts.
评估台湾香烟市场开放对香烟消费、市场份额变化以及烟草控制工作的影响。
利用关键词“台湾”，检索加利福尼亚大学旧金山分校的烟草文档遗产库，查找与台湾走私活动、淡味香烟推广及市场份额分析相关的内部文件。比较市场开放前后年龄调整后的吸烟率以及香烟和槟榔消费情况。
到2000年，进口香烟的市场份额从1986年的不到2%增至近50%，市场开放后人均香烟消费量增长了15%。由于走私急剧增加，走私香烟与合法进口香烟一样受欢迎，且零售点（如槟榔摊）迅速增多，外国烟草公司在台湾的市场渗透率高于其他亚洲超级301国家。积极的香烟营销策略与市场开放后三年内成年男性吸烟率上升6%以及青少年吸烟率上升13%相关。市场开放还意外地提高了槟榔的受欢迎程度。自那以后，嚼食槟榔已成为台湾的一个主要公共卫生问题。
1987年香烟市场的开放对台湾产生了持久影响。它提高了吸烟率，市场已被外国公司主导。走私的严重性及其给政府带来的相关收入损失、青少年吸烟增加的程度及其相关的未来医疗保健成本、槟榔使用的增加及其相关的口腔癌死亡率翻倍，这些都给台湾带来了重大问题。然而，市场开放激发了反吸烟情绪，并迫使政府启动并加强了一系列烟草控制工作。
