Devereux Kathryn, Robertson Dianne, Briffa N Kathryn
School of Physiotherapy, Curtin university of Technology, Perth, Australia.
Aust J Physiother. 2005;51(2):102-8. doi: 10.1016/s0004-9514(05)70038-6.
The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of a water-based exercise and self-management program on balance, fear of falling, and quality of life in community-dwelling women 65 years of age or older with a diagnosis of osteopenia or osteoporosis. Fifty women with an average age of 73.3 years (range 65.5-82.4, SD 3.9) were randomised to intervention or control groups. The intervention group received a 10-week water-based exercise and self-management program compiled by Community Physiotherapy Services and conducted by a physiotherapist at an aquatic centre twice a week for one hour. The control group did not receive any instructions and were not encouraged to change their physical activity, activities of daily living or social habits during the study. Change in balance, measured using the step test, from baseline to follow-up differed between intervention and control groups, with mean (95% CI) between-group differences of 1.7 (0.9 to 2.6) and 2.1 (1.1 to 3.1) steps on the left and right sides respectively. Between-group differences in score changes were also significant in four of the eight domains of quality of life measured using the Short Form 36 questionnaire (SF36; physical function 8.6 (0.4 to 16.8), vitality 12.0 (2.3 to 21.8), social function, and 14.1 (0.6 to 27.7) mental health 10.2 (2.0 to 18.4)), but not fear of falling measured using the modified falls efficacy scale (0.25 (-0.3 to 0.81). It is concluded that a water-based exercise and self-management program produced significant changes in balance and quality of life, but not fear of falling, in this group of community-dwelling women 65 years of age or older with a diagnosis of osteopenia or osteoporosis.
本研究旨在评估一项水上运动与自我管理项目对65岁及以上被诊断为骨质减少或骨质疏松的社区居住女性的平衡能力、跌倒恐惧及生活质量的影响。50名平均年龄为73.3岁（范围65.5 - 82.4岁，标准差3.9）的女性被随机分为干预组和对照组。干预组接受了由社区物理治疗服务机构编制、由物理治疗师在水上中心每周进行两次、每次一小时、为期10周的水上运动与自我管理项目。对照组未接受任何指导，且在研究期间不被鼓励改变其身体活动、日常生活活动或社交习惯。干预组和对照组从基线到随访期间使用步测法测量的平衡能力变化存在差异，左右两侧组间平均（95%置信区间）差异分别为1.7（0.9至2.6）步和2.1（1.1至3.1）步。使用简短健康调查问卷（SF36）测量的八个生活质量领域中的四个领域，组间得分变化差异也具有统计学意义（身体功能8.6（0.4至16.8）、活力12.0（2.3至21.8）、社会功能14.1（0.6至27.7）、心理健康10.2（2.0至18.4）），但使用改良跌倒效能量表测量的跌倒恐惧方面差异不显著（0.25（-0.3至0.81））。得出的结论是，对于这组65岁及以上被诊断为骨质减少或骨质疏松的社区居住女性，水上运动与自我管理项目在平衡能力和生活质量方面产生了显著变化，但在跌倒恐惧方面未产生显著变化。
