Cuetter Albert C, Andrews Russell J
Division of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, Texas, USA.
Neurosurg Focus. 2002 Jun 15;12(6):e5. doi: 10.3171/foc.2002.12.6.6.
The prognosis for intraventricular neurocysticercosis (IVNCC) is poorer than that for parenchymal NCC, making prompt diagnosis and treatment especially important. Although active, viable intraventricular cysts produce no reaction in the host; they can cause noncommunicating hydrocephalus, the onset of which is frequently abrupt. With the death of the larva comes a local granulomatous ependymitis, generalized ventriculitis, and meningoencephalitis. The authors report on 18 patients with IVNCC (accrued from a larger case series of 62 patients with NCC treated over an 11-year period), detailing clinical presentation, neuroimaging findings, treatment, and outcome.
All patients presented with hydrocephalus and/or meningitis. The most valuable diagnostic tests were magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and EITB of serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid. Treatment included albendazole and steroid therapy in all cases, and when necessary in cases requiring urgent or emergency ventriculostomy and/or surgical removal of the obstructing cyst (followed by shunt placement if indicated).
An extensive review of the literature on IVNCC has been prepared, with the goal of providing the reader with the information necessary to diagnose and treat this complex and potentially fatal disease in a timely and effective manner.
脑室内神经囊尾蚴病（IVNCC）的预后比实质型神经囊尾蚴病更差，因此及时诊断和治疗尤为重要。虽然活跃、存活的脑室内囊肿在宿主体内不会引起反应，但它们可导致梗阻性脑积水，其起病常常很突然。随着幼虫死亡，会出现局部肉芽肿性室管膜炎、全身性脑室炎和脑膜脑炎。作者报告了18例IVNCC患者（来自一个11年间治疗的62例神经囊尾蚴病患者的更大病例系列），详细介绍了临床表现、神经影像学检查结果、治疗方法及预后。
所有患者均表现为脑积水和/或脑膜炎。最有价值的诊断检查是脑部磁共振成像以及血清和/或脑脊液的酶联免疫电转移印斑法（EITB）。所有病例的治疗均包括阿苯达唑和类固醇治疗，必要时对需要紧急或急诊脑室造瘘和/或手术切除梗阻性囊肿的病例（如有指征，随后进行分流置管）。
已对IVNCC的文献进行了全面综述，目的是为读者提供及时、有效诊断和治疗这种复杂且可能致命疾病所需的信息。
