Chan Chang-Chuan, Wu Tsung-Huan
Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jun;113(6):735-8. doi: 10.1289/ehp.7636.
The extent to which occupational exposure to ozone in ambient air can affect lung function remains unclear. We conducted a panel study in 43 mail carriers by measuring their peak expiratory flow rates (PEFRs) twice daily for 6 weeks in 2001. The daily exposure of each mail carrier to O3, particulate matter < 10 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10), and nitrogen dioxide was estimated by one air monitoring station in the center of the mail carrier's delivery area. Hourly concentrations of air pollutants during their exposure periods were 6-96 ppb for O3, 11-249 microg/m3 for PM10, and 14-92 ppb for NO2. Linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate the association between air pollution exposures and PEFR after adjusting for subject's sex, age, and disease status and for temperature and humidity. We found that night PEFR and the deviation in night PEFR were significantly decreased in association with 8-hr O3 exposures with a lag 0-2 days and by daily maximum O3 exposures with a lag of 0-1 day in our multipollutant models. By contrast, neither PM10 nor NO2 was associated with a PEFR reduction. Daily 8-hr mean concentrations of O3 had greater reduction effects on PEFR than did daily maximum concentrations. For a 10-ppb increase in the 8-hr average O3 concentration, the night PEFR was decreased by 0.54% for a 0-day lag, 0.69% for a 1-day lag, and 0.52% for a 2-day lag. We found that an acute lung function reduction occurs in mail carriers exposed to O3 concentrations below current ambient air quality standards and occupational exposure limits.
职业性暴露于环境空气中的臭氧会在多大程度上影响肺功能仍不清楚。2001年，我们对43名邮递员进行了一项群组研究，每天两次测量他们的呼气峰值流速（PEFR），持续6周。每个邮递员所在投递区域中心的一个空气监测站估算了其每日对臭氧、空气动力学直径小于10微米的颗粒物（PM10）和二氧化氮的暴露情况。他们暴露期间空气污染物的每小时浓度分别为：臭氧6 - 96 ppb，PM10 11 - 249微克/立方米，二氧化氮14 - 92 ppb。在调整了受试者的性别、年龄、疾病状态以及温度和湿度后，使用线性混合效应模型来估计空气污染暴露与PEFR之间的关联。我们发现，在多污染物模型中，夜间PEFR及其偏差与滞后0 - 2天的8小时臭氧暴露以及滞后0 - 1天的每日最大臭氧暴露显著降低有关。相比之下，PM10和二氧化氮均与PEFR降低无关。臭氧的每日8小时平均浓度对PEFR的降低作用大于每日最大浓度。对于8小时平均臭氧浓度每增加10 ppb，夜间PEFR在滞后0天降低0.54%，滞后1天降低0.69%以及滞后2天降低0.52%。我们发现，暴露于低于当前环境空气质量标准和职业暴露限值的臭氧浓度下的邮递员会出现急性肺功能下降。
