Hoeschen Christoph, Fill Ute, Zankl Maria, Panzer Werner, Regulla Dieter, Döhring Wilfried
Department for Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital Magdeburg, Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2005;114(1-3):406-9. doi: 10.1093/rpd/nch558.
Though mammography is one of the most sensitive methods to detect breast cancer, the benefit of the mammography screening programmes is still not clearly proven. One of the reasons is the radiation dose delivered by the examinations. Simulations of the radiation transport based on realistic breast phantoms are a useful tool to estimate the dose for the risk relevant parenchymal tissue. Specimens of real breasts have been fixated using a specially designed process while being compressed as in mammography. They have been scanned using the high-resolution mode of a CT. A segmentation has been carried out by assigning the voxels to different tissues. The resulting voxel phantom allows the assessment of tissue doses by Monte-Carlo calculations and can be used to simulate the diagnostic outcome of different imaging procedures. Three different tissues were separated: skin, adipose and 'breast tissue'. This allows reasonable calculations of the average glandular doses in mammography.
尽管乳腺X线摄影是检测乳腺癌最敏感的方法之一，但乳腺X线摄影筛查项目的益处仍未得到明确证实。原因之一是检查所带来的辐射剂量。基于逼真的乳房模型进行辐射传输模拟是估算与风险相关的实质组织剂量的有用工具。真实乳房标本在按照乳腺X线摄影那样进行压缩的同时，通过一种专门设计的工艺进行了固定。使用CT的高分辨率模式对其进行了扫描。通过将体素分配到不同组织进行了分割。所得的体素模型允许通过蒙特卡洛计算评估组织剂量，并可用于模拟不同成像程序的诊断结果。分离出了三种不同的组织：皮肤、脂肪和“乳腺组织”。这使得能够合理计算乳腺X线摄影中的平均腺体剂量。
