Fendrich Michael, Johnson Timothy P
Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Juvenile Research, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60608, USA.
J Urban Health. 2005 Jun;82(2 Suppl 3):iii67-81. doi: 10.1093/jurban/jti065.
Data were analyzed from a multistage probability household survey of over 600 adults, ages 18-40 from the city of Chicago conducted during 2001-2002. The survey employed audio computer-assisted self-interviews to obtain information about drug use. To investigate race/ethnicity differences in reporting validity, drug test results were compared with self-reports of past month drug use for cocaine, marijuana, and a combined indicator of both substances. The main indicators of validity were self-report sensitivity and concordance. Possible theoretical models accounting for potential cultural differences in reporting validity were discussed. Survey variables reflecting these potential explanations were examined as potential mediators of race/ethnicity differences in validity and as direct correlates of validity. Socioeconomic status was identified as one potential mediator. With this exception, race/ethnicity differences suggesting lower levels of marijuana and cocaine concordance for African Americans as compared with Whites were sustained after controlling for potential mediators. Methodological implications for epidemiological and health disparities research are discussed.
对2001年至2002年期间在芝加哥市对600多名18至40岁成年人进行的多阶段概率家庭调查的数据进行了分析。该调查采用音频计算机辅助自我访谈来获取有关药物使用的信息。为了调查报告有效性方面的种族/民族差异，将药物检测结果与过去一个月使用可卡因、大麻以及这两种物质综合指标的自我报告进行了比较。有效性的主要指标是自我报告敏感性和一致性。讨论了可能解释报告有效性中潜在文化差异的理论模型。对反映这些潜在解释的调查变量进行了检验，以作为有效性方面种族/民族差异的潜在中介因素以及有效性的直接相关因素。社会经济地位被确定为一个潜在中介因素。除了这一例外情况，在控制了潜在中介因素后，与白人相比，非裔美国人在大麻和可卡因一致性方面较低的种族/民族差异仍然存在。讨论了对流行病学和健康差异研究的方法学意义。
