Fendrich M, Yun Soo Kim J
Institute for Juvenile Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, 907 South Wolcott Avenue, Mail Code 747, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2001 May 1;62(3):239-53. doi: 10.1016/s0376-8716(00)00177-0.
We examined follow-up data from surveys in 1988, 1992 and 1994 in order to estimate the prevalence and explore the correlates of retest artifact (denial) of drug use among National Longitudinal Survey of Youth respondents who disclosed lifetime cocaine or marijuana use in 1984. In the cocaine use cohort, 42% denied lifetime cocaine use during at least one follow-up wave. In the marijuana use cohort, about 29% denied lifetime marijuana use during at least one follow-up wave. Denial either leveled off (cocaine) or diminished (marijuana) between the second and third follow-up interviews. The most consistent predictors of denial in both longitudinal and cross-sectional models and across substances were race/ethnicity (black informants had increased rates of denial) and marital status (married respondents had increased rates of denial). Other predictors of denial included interviewer characteristics (social attribution), interview mode, and drug salience. The findings with respect to marijuana reporting trends parallel increased willingness of public officials to retrospectively disclose this behavior in the popular press.
我们研究了1988年、1992年和1994年调查的随访数据，以估计1984年披露终生使用可卡因或大麻的全国青年纵向调查受访者中药物使用复测假象（否认）的患病率，并探索其相关因素。在可卡因使用队列中，42%的人在至少一次随访中否认终生使用过可卡因。在大麻使用队列中，约29%的人在至少一次随访中否认终生使用过大麻。在第二次和第三次随访访谈之间，否认情况要么趋于平稳（可卡因），要么有所减少（大麻）。在纵向和横断面模型以及不同药物中，否认的最一致预测因素是种族/族裔（黑人受访者否认率较高）和婚姻状况（已婚受访者否认率较高）。否认的其他预测因素包括访谈员特征（社会归因）、访谈方式和药物显著性。关于大麻报告趋势的研究结果与政府官员在大众媒体上回顾性披露这种行为的意愿增加相平行。
