Yan Jun, Allendorf Daniel J, Brandley Brian
James Graham Brown Cancer Center, Tumour Immunobiology Program, University of Louisville, 580 S. Preston Street, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2005 May;5(5):691-702. doi: 10.1517/14712598.5.5.691.
Beta-glucans, biological response modifiers (BRMs) derived from the cell walls of yeast and other sources, have been demonstrated to prime leukocyte complement receptor 3 (CR3), thus enabling these cells to kill tumours opsonised with complement fragment iC3b. Many tumours activate complement via the classical pathway mediated by antitumour monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or natural antibodies. Studies into the cellular and molecular mechanisms of action have demonstrated that orally administrated yeast beta-glucans are ingested and processed by macrophages. These macrophages secrete the active moiety that primes neutrophil CR3 to kill iC3b-opsonised tumour cells. Extensive studies in preclinical animal tumour models have demonstrated the efficacy of combined oral particulate yeast beta-glucan with antitumour mAb therapy in terms of tumour regression and long-term survival. It is proposed that the addition of beta-glucan will further improve the clinical therapeutic efficacy of antitumour mAbs in cancer patients.
β-葡聚糖是一种源自酵母和其他来源细胞壁的生物反应调节剂（BRM），已被证明能使白细胞补体受体3（CR3）致敏，从而使这些细胞能够杀死被补体片段iC3b调理的肿瘤细胞。许多肿瘤通过由抗肿瘤单克隆抗体（mAb）或天然抗体介导的经典途径激活补体。对细胞和分子作用机制的研究表明，口服的酵母β-葡聚糖会被巨噬细胞摄取和处理。这些巨噬细胞分泌活性部分，使中性粒细胞CR3致敏，以杀死被iC3b调理的肿瘤细胞。在临床前动物肿瘤模型中的广泛研究表明，联合口服颗粒状酵母β-葡聚糖与抗肿瘤单克隆抗体疗法在肿瘤消退和长期生存方面具有疗效。有人提出，添加β-葡聚糖将进一步提高抗肿瘤单克隆抗体在癌症患者中的临床治疗效果。
