Selbaek Geir
Kompetansesenter for alderspsykiatri, Sykehuset Innlandet, Postboks 38,2312 Ottestad.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2005 Jun 2;125(11):1500-2.
Behavioural and psychological symptoms in dementia (BPSD) are the clinically most significant symptoms of the illness. They are non-cognitive and include apathy, agitation, aggression, anxiety, hallucinations and delusions. The syndrome is not well defined, and the symptomatology is heterogenous.
This discussion of the concept of BPSD, which suggest assessment and treatment strategies, is based on a review of the literature as well as on clinical experience and knowledge of clinical practice in the field in Norway.
BPSDs are widespread and often critical with regard to life quality for the patient as well as caregiver stress. The frequency of BPSD increases as the dementing disorder progresses. There are several etiological factors that require thorough assessment of biological, psychological, and environmental issues. The treatment should be aimed at well-defined symptoms. Pharmacological treatment is widely used, though there is limited evidence of the benefit. Non-pharmacological treatment should be the first choice for milder symptoms of BPSD.
痴呆中的行为和心理症状（BPSD）是该疾病临床上最为显著的症状。它们属于非认知症状，包括冷漠、激越、攻击行为、焦虑、幻觉和妄想。该综合征的定义并不明确，症状表现也多种多样。
本次对BPSD概念的讨论提出了评估和治疗策略，其依据是对文献的综述以及挪威该领域的临床经验和临床实践知识。
BPSD普遍存在，对患者的生活质量以及照料者的压力往往至关重要。随着痴呆症病情进展，BPSD的发生率会增加。有几个病因因素需要对生物、心理和环境问题进行全面评估。治疗应针对明确的症状。药物治疗被广泛使用，但其益处的证据有限。对于BPSD较轻的症状，非药物治疗应作为首选。
