Stanton Gregory B, Friedman Harriet R, Dias Elisa C, Bruce Charles J
Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, 520 W St., N.W., Washington, DC 20059, USA.
Exp Brain Res. 2005 Aug;165(2):179-92. doi: 10.1007/s00221-005-2292-z. Epub 2005 Jun 7.
In primates, the frontal eye field (FEF) contains separate representations of saccadic and smooth-pursuit eye movements. The smooth-pursuit region (FEFsem) in macaque monkeys lies principally in the fundus and deep posterior wall of the arcuate sulcus, between the FEF saccade region (FEFsac) in the anterior wall and somatomotor areas on the posterior wall and convexity. In this study, cortical afferents to FEFsem were mapped by injecting retrograde tracers (WGA-HRP and fast blue) into electrophysiologically identified FEFsem sites in two monkeys. In the frontal lobe, labeled neurons were found mostly on the ipsilateral side in the (1) supplementary eye field region and lateral area F7; (2) area F2 along the superior limb of the arcuate sulcus; and (3) in the buried cortex of the arcuate sulcus extending along the superior and inferior limbs and including FEFsac and adjacent areas 8, 45, and PMv. Labeled cells were also found in the caudal periprincipal cortex (area 46) in one monkey. Labeled cells were found bilaterally in the frontal lobe in the deep posterior walls of the arcuate sulcus and postarcuate spurs and in cingulate motor areas 24 and 24c. In postcentral cortical areas all labeling was ipsilateral and there were two major foci of labeled cells: (1) the depths of the intraparietal sulcus including areas VIP, LIP, and PEa, and (2) the anterior wall and fundus of the superior temporal sulcus including areas PP and MST. Smaller numbers of labeled cells were found in superior temporal sulcal areas FST, MT, and STP, posterior cingulate area 23b, area 3a within the central sulcus, areas SII, RI, Tpt in the lateral sulcus, and parietal areas 7a, 7b, PEc, MIP, DP, and V3A. Many of these posterior afferent cortical areas code visual-motion (MT, MST, and FST) or visual-motion and vestibular (PP, VIP) signals, consistent with the responses of neurons in FEFsem and with the overall physiology and anatomy of the smooth-pursuit eye movement system.
在灵长类动物中，额叶眼区（FEF）包含眼跳运动和平滑追随眼运动的独立表征。猕猴的平滑追随区域（FEFsem）主要位于弓形沟的底部和后壁深部，在前壁的FEF眼跳区域（FEFsac）与后壁及凸面的躯体运动区之间。在本研究中，通过将逆行示踪剂（WGA-HRP和快蓝）注射到两只猴子经电生理鉴定的FEFsem部位，绘制了FEFsem的皮质传入纤维图谱。在额叶中，标记神经元大多在同侧的以下区域被发现：（1）辅助眼区和外侧F7区；（2）沿弓形沟上缘的F2区；（3）沿弓形沟上下缘延伸并包括FEFsac及相邻的8区、45区和PMv区的弓形沟埋藏皮质。在一只猴子的尾侧主周围皮质（46区）也发现了标记细胞。在额叶的弓形沟后壁深部、弓形沟后襻以及扣带运动区24和24c中双侧发现了标记细胞。在中央后皮质区域，所有标记均在同侧，且有两个主要的标记细胞焦点：（1）顶内沟深部，包括VIP区、LIP区和PEa区；（2）颞上沟的前壁和底部，包括PP区和MST区。在颞上沟区域FST、MT和STP、后扣带区23b、中央沟内的3a区、外侧沟内的SII区、RI区、Tpt区以及顶叶区域7a、7b、PEc、MIP、DP和V3A中发现的标记细胞数量较少。这些后部传入皮质区域中的许多区域编码视觉运动（MT、MST和FST）或视觉运动和前庭（PP、VIP）信号，这与FEFsem中神经元的反应以及平滑追随眼运动系统的整体生理学和解剖学一致。
