Sekerková Gabriella, Ilijic Ema, Mugnaini Enrico, Baker James F
Northwestern University Institute for Neuroscience, Searle 5-474, 320 E. Superior Street, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Exp Brain Res. 2005 Jul;164(3):286-300. doi: 10.1007/s00221-005-2252-7. Epub 2005 Jun 7.
Immediate early gene expression in the cerebellar vermis of cats and squirrel monkeys was stimulated by prolonged whole body rotations. Continuous, earth-horizontal axis rotations that excited only otoliths or high velocity vertical axis rotations that excited only semicircular canals resulted in c-fos immunoreactive nuclei concentrated in the granular layer of lobules X and ventral IX (the nodulus and ventral uvula), which represent the medial parts of the vestibulo-cerebellum. Large clusters of labeled nuclei consisting mainly of granule cells and calretinin-positive unipolar brush cells were present in the granular layer, whereas Purkinje cell nuclei were unlabeled, and labeled basket and stellate cell nuclei were scattered in the molecular layer. In other vermal lobules there was a significant but less dense label than in the nodulus and ventral uvula. Generally, the extent of c-fos labeling of molecular layer interneurons was in relation to nuclear labeling of granular layer neurons: labeling of both basket and stellate cells accompanied nuclear labeling of neurons throughout the depth of the granular layer, whereas only stellate cells were labeled when nuclear labeling was restricted to the superficial granular layer. Yaw horizontal or roll vertical rotations each stimulated c-fos expression in the cat medial vestibulo-cerebellum to approximately the same extent. Low-velocity rotations resulted in much less c-fos expression. Similar, albeit less intense, patterns of c-fos activation were observed in monkeys. Concentrated c-fos expression in the medial vestibulo-cerebellum after exposure to a strong head velocity signal that could originate from either otolith or canal excitation suggests that granule and unipolar brush cells participate in a neuronal network for estimating head velocity, irrespective of the signal source.
长时间的全身旋转刺激了猫和松鼠猴小脑蚓部即刻早期基因的表达。持续的、绕地球水平轴的旋转仅刺激耳石，或高速绕垂直轴的旋转仅刺激半规管，导致c-fos免疫反应性细胞核集中在小叶X和腹侧小叶IX（小结和腹侧小舌）的颗粒层，这些区域代表前庭小脑的内侧部分。颗粒层中存在大量主要由颗粒细胞和钙视网膜蛋白阳性单极刷状细胞组成的标记细胞核簇，而浦肯野细胞核未被标记，标记的篮状细胞和星状细胞核散在于分子层中。在其他蚓部小叶中，标记明显但密度低于小结和腹侧小舌。一般来说，分子层中间神经元的c-fos标记程度与颗粒层神经元的细胞核标记相关：在颗粒层整个深度，篮状细胞和星状细胞的标记都伴随着神经元的细胞核标记，而当细胞核标记仅限于浅表颗粒层时，只有星状细胞被标记。偏航水平或横滚垂直旋转在猫内侧前庭小脑中刺激c-fos表达的程度大致相同。低速旋转导致的c-fos表达要少得多。在猴子中也观察到了类似但强度较低的c-fos激活模式。暴露于可能源于耳石或半规管兴奋的强烈头部速度信号后，内侧前庭小脑中c-fos表达集中，这表明颗粒细胞和单极刷状细胞参与了一个用于估计头部速度的神经元网络，而与信号源无关。
