Kelly M H
Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-6196.
Psychol Rev. 1992 Apr;99(2):349-64. doi: 10.1037/0033-295x.99.2.349.
One ubiquitous problem in language processing involves the assignment of words to the correct grammatical category, such as noun or verb. In general, semantic and syntactic cues have been cited as the principal information for grammatical category assignment, to the neglect of possible phonological cues. This neglect is unwarranted, and the following claims are made: (a) Numerous correlations between phonology and grammatical class exist, (b) some of these correlations are large and can pervade the entire lexicon of a language and hence can involve thousands of words, (c) experiments have repeatedly found that adults and children have learned these correlations, and (d) explanations for how these correlations arose can be proposed and evaluated. Implications of these phenomena for language representation and processing are discussed.
语言处理中一个普遍存在的问题涉及将单词归为正确的语法类别，如名词或动词。一般来说，语义和句法线索被认为是语法类别归属的主要信息，而可能的语音线索则被忽视了。这种忽视是没有根据的，以下是一些观点：（a）语音和语法类别之间存在许多相关性，（b）其中一些相关性很大，可以遍及一种语言的整个词汇表，因此可能涉及数千个单词，（c）实验反复发现成人和儿童已经学会了这些相关性，（d）可以提出并评估关于这些相关性如何产生的解释。文中还讨论了这些现象对语言表征和处理的影响。
