Rolls B J, Andersen A E, Moran T H, McNelis A L, Baier H C, Fedoroff I C
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1992 Jun;55(6):1093-103. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/55.6.1093.
Food intake, food selection, macronutrient intake, sensory-specific satiety, and ratings of hunger and satiety were measured after high- and low-energy salad preloads (2414 kJ, or 172 kJ) or no preload to determine whether patients with eating disorders compensate appropriately for different energy intakes. Subjects were female patients with a DSM-III-R diagnosis of anorexia nervosa with bulimic features or bulimia nervosa, or non patient, normal-weight, nondieters (n = 9/group). At a self-selected lunch 30 min after the preloads, all of the groups reduced intake after the high-energy preload, with the bulimics showing the best compensation. The anorexics chose low-energy foods and in some conditions ate a smaller proportion of fat than did the other groups. The bulimics ate more high-energy foods than did the anorexics. The anorexics demonstrated sensory-specific satiety only after the high-energy salad and the bulimics only after the low-energy salad. Overall, these data suggest that while many of their responses to food are abnormal, patients with eating disorders have some capacity to respond to physiological hunger and satiety cues.
在给予高能量沙拉预负荷（2414千焦或172千焦）或无预负荷后，测量食物摄入量、食物选择、宏量营养素摄入量、特定感官饱腹感以及饥饿和饱腹感评分，以确定饮食失调患者是否能针对不同能量摄入做出适当补偿。研究对象为被诊断患有神经性厌食症合并贪食症状或神经性贪食症的女性患者，或非患者、体重正常的非节食者（每组9人）。在预负荷后30分钟的自选午餐时，所有组在高能量预负荷后摄入量均减少，其中贪食症患者的补偿效果最佳。厌食症患者选择低能量食物，在某些情况下，其摄入脂肪的比例低于其他组。贪食症患者比厌食症患者摄入更多高能量食物。厌食症患者仅在食用高能量沙拉后表现出特定感官饱腹感，而贪食症患者仅在食用低能量沙拉后表现出特定感官饱腹感。总体而言，这些数据表明，尽管饮食失调患者对食物的许多反应异常，但他们仍有一定能力对生理饥饿和饱腹感信号做出反应。
