Mascaro Nathan, Rosen David H
Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843-4235, USA.
J Pers. 2005 Aug;73(4):985-1013. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2005.00336.x.
The authors confirmed that existential meaning has a unique relationship with and can prospectively predict levels of hope and depressive symptoms within a population of college students. Baseline measures of explicit meaning (i.e., an individual's self-reported experience of a sense of coherence and purpose in life) and implicit meaning (i.e., an individual's self-reported embodiment of the factors that are normatively viewed as comprising a meaningful life) explained significant amounts of variance in hope and depressive symptoms 2 months later beyond the variance explained by baseline levels of hope/depression, neuroticism, conscientiousness, agreeableness, openness to experience, extraversion, and social desirability. The authors discuss implications of these findings for the field of mental health treatment and suggest ways of influencing individuals' experience of existential meaning.
作者证实，存在意义与大学生群体中的希望水平和抑郁症状有着独特的关系，并且可以前瞻性地预测这些水平。显性意义（即个体对生活中连贯感和目的感的自我报告体验）和隐性意义（即个体对通常被视为构成有意义生活的因素的自我报告体现）的基线测量解释了两个月后希望和抑郁症状中大量的变异，超出了由希望/抑郁、神经质、尽责性、宜人性、经验开放性、外向性和社会期望的基线水平所解释的变异。作者讨论了这些发现对心理健康治疗领域的影响，并提出了影响个体存在意义体验的方法。
