Shaalan Essam Abdel-Salam, Canyon Deon, Younes Mohamed Wagdy Faried, Abdel-Wahab Hoda, Mansour Abdel-Hamid
Zoology Department, Aswan Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Aswan, Egypt.
Environ Int. 2005 Oct;31(8):1149-66. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2005.03.003.
Identification of novel effective mosquitocidal compounds is essential to combat increasing resistance rates, concern for the environment and food safety, the unacceptability of many organophosphates and organochlorines and the high cost of synthetic pyrethroids. An increasing number of researchers are reconsidering botanicals containing active phytochemicals in their efforts to address some of these problems. To be highly competitive and effective, the ideal phytochemical should possess a combination of toxic effects and residual capacity. Acute toxicity is required at doses comparable to some commercial synthetic insecticides while chronic or sub-chronic toxicity is required to produce growth inhibition, developmental toxicity and generational effects. In this article, we review the current state of knowledge on larvicidal plant species, extraction processes, growth and reproduction inhibiting phytochemicals, botanical ovicides, synergistic, additive and antagonistic joint action effects of mixtures, residual capacity, effects on non-target organisms, resistance, screening methodologies, and discuss promising advances made in phytochemical research.
鉴定新型有效的杀蚊化合物对于应对不断上升的抗药性、对环境和食品安全的担忧、许多有机磷和有机氯的不可接受性以及合成拟除虫菊酯的高成本至关重要。越来越多的研究人员在努力解决其中一些问题时，正在重新考虑含有活性植物化学物质的植物源杀虫剂。为了具有高度竞争力和有效性，理想的植物化学物质应具备毒性作用和残留能力的组合。在与一些商业合成杀虫剂相当的剂量下需要具有急性毒性，而需要慢性或亚慢性毒性以产生生长抑制、发育毒性和代际效应。在本文中，我们综述了关于杀幼虫植物物种、提取工艺、抑制生长和繁殖的植物化学物质、植物源杀卵剂、混合物的协同、相加和拮抗联合作用效应、残留能力、对非目标生物的影响、抗药性、筛选方法的当前知识状态，并讨论了植物化学研究中取得的有前景的进展。
