Chuang Ying-Chih, Cubbin Catherine, Ahn David, Winkleby Marilyn A
Graduate Institute of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2005 Jul;59(7):568-73. doi: 10.1136/jech.2004.029041.
To assess the effects of neighbourhood level socioeconomic status (SES) and convenience store concentration on individual level smoking, after consideration of individual level characteristics.
Individual sociodemographic characteristics and smoking were obtained from five cross sectional surveys (1979-1990). Participants' addresses were geocoded and linked with census data for measuring neighbourhood SES and with telephone yellow page listings for measuring convenience store concentration (density in a neighbourhood, distance between a participant's home and the nearest convenience store, and number of convenience stores within a one mile radius of a participant's home). The data were analysed with multilevel Poisson regression models.
82 neighbourhoods in four northern California cities.
8121 women and men aged 25-74 from the Stanford heart disease prevention programme.
Lower neighbourhood SES and higher convenience store concentration, measured by density and distance, were both significantly associated with higher level of individual smoking after taking individual characteristics into account. The association between convenience store density and individual smoking was modified by individual SES and neighbourhood SES.
These findings are consistent with a growing body of literature suggesting that the socioeconomic and physical environments of neighbourhoods are associated with individual level smoking.
在考虑个体特征之后，评估社区层面社会经济地位（SES）和便利店密度对个体吸烟情况的影响。
个体社会人口学特征和吸烟情况来自五项横断面调查（1979 - 1990年）。参与者的住址进行了地理编码，并与用于测量社区SES的人口普查数据以及用于测量便利店密度（社区内密度、参与者家与最近便利店的距离以及参与者家一英里半径内便利店的数量）的电话黄页列表相链接。数据采用多水平泊松回归模型进行分析。
加利福尼亚州北部四个城市的82个社区。
来自斯坦福心脏病预防项目的8121名年龄在25 - 74岁之间的男性和女性。
在考虑个体特征后，较低的社区SES以及通过密度和距离衡量的较高便利店密度，均与个体较高的吸烟水平显著相关。便利店密度与个体吸烟之间的关联受到个体SES和社区SES的影响。
这些发现与越来越多的文献一致，表明社区的社会经济和物质环境与个体吸烟情况相关。
