Lazar Reinhold
Institut für Geographie und Raumforschung und ARGE-Alpinmedizin, Karl-Franzens-Universitit Graz, Graz, Osterreich.
Wien Med Wochenschr. 2005 Apr;155(7-8):176-87. doi: 10.1007/s10354-005-0167-3.
This paper presents a concept which is built up on climate data with a long period of observation (temperature, wind conditions, precipitation, irradiation, and the frequency of low pressure weather situations with unfavorable biotropy stages). It therefore allows an evaluation of the bioclimate of a high mountain area. With the help of this relatively simple method, the risk of problems like AMS can be better estimated. Latest comparisons between different agencies of expeditions show that often the time schedule for climbing to the summit is too short and allows too little time for acclimatization; furthermore the number of days allowed for recreation is too small. A comparison of selected alpine regions shows better conditions in, for example, the Mount Kenia/Kilimandjaro region and parts of the western Andes in Chile, whereas the Himalaya and the Karakorum group can be problematic.
本文提出了一个基于长期观测气候数据(温度、风况、降水、辐射以及生物气候不利阶段的低压天气情况频率)构建的概念。因此,它能够对高山地区的生物气候进行评估。借助这种相对简单的方法,可以更好地估计诸如急性高山病等问题的风险。不同探险机构之间的最新比较表明,通常登顶的时间安排过短,用于适应环境的时间太少;此外,用于休息的天数也太少。对选定高山地区的比较显示,例如肯尼亚山/乞力马扎罗山地区以及智利安第斯山脉西部部分地区的条件较好,而喜马拉雅山脉和喀喇昆仑山脉地区可能存在问题。