Wenzel Amy, Jordan Jennifer
Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, USA.
Behav Res Ther. 2005 Aug;43(8):1099-109. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2005.01.008.
Recent studies have found that angry individuals are characterized by more pronounced attentional and interpretation biases toward threat than anxious individuals. The present study examined anger-related, anxiety-related, and neutral autobiographical memories in 35 angry participants, 33 anxious participants, and 29 non-angry/non-anxious, or healthy participants. Objective indices of autobiographical memories (i.e., retrieval latency, coding of specificity and affective tone) suggested that groups retrieved memories with similar properties. However, both angry and anxious participants rated their memories as less pleasant than healthy participants. These results indicate that memory biases are not part of the cognitive sequelae associated with anger and anxiety, although aspects of the appraisal of these personal memories are distorted.
最近的研究发现，与焦虑的个体相比，愤怒的个体对威胁表现出更明显的注意力和解释偏差。本研究考察了35名愤怒的参与者、33名焦虑的参与者以及29名非愤怒/非焦虑（即健康）的参与者的与愤怒相关、与焦虑相关和中性的自传体记忆。自传体记忆的客观指标（即提取潜伏期、特异性编码和情感基调）表明，各组提取的记忆具有相似的特性。然而，愤怒和焦虑的参与者都认为他们的记忆不如健康参与者的记忆愉快。这些结果表明，记忆偏差并不是与愤怒和焦虑相关的认知后遗症的一部分，尽管对这些个人记忆的评价方面存在扭曲。
