Dubowitz Howard, Pitts Steven C, Litrownik Alan J, Cox Christine E, Runyan Desmond, Black Maureen M
Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 520 W. Lombard Street, 1st Floor, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Child Abuse Negl. 2005 May;29(5):493-511. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2003.09.024.
To compare neglect defined by Child Protective Services official codes with neglect defined by a review of CPS narrative data, and to examine the validity of the different neglect measures using children's functioning at age 8 years.
Data are from 740 children participating in a consortium of longitudinal studies on child abuse and neglect; 481 had at least one CPS report prior to age 8. CPS records were reviewed to ascertain both broad CPS types of neglect as well as specific subtypes of neglect using a modified version of the Maltreatment Classification System (MMCS). Frequencies of, and correlations among, the types and subtypes of neglect were examined. The validity of the neglect measures was evaluated by examining their relationships with children's functioning at age 8.
The CPS neglect types and MMCS subtypes were moderately correlated, as were the MMCS subtypes of neglect. In general, neglect was only modestly associated with children's functioning at age 8 (r2=1-4%), with few differences between the CPS neglect types and the MMCS subtypes. There were significant associations with children's total and externalizing behavior problems, impaired socialization, and impaired daily living skills. Among the specific subtypes, neglect of children's medical needs was related to externalizing behavior problems, impaired socialization, and impaired daily living skills. Neglect of children's hygiene needs was related to impaired socialization.
The moderate correlations among CPS and MMCS types and subtypes of neglect and their similar associations with children's functioning suggest that the considerable effort involved in coding neglect subtypes from CPS narrative data may yield limited incremental knowledge regarding the types of neglect children experience and their sequelae. However, the MMCS does offer useful descriptive information on the nature of neglect children experience, and may guide future research and practice on optimal ways to conceptualize neglect.
比较儿童保护服务官方代码所定义的忽视与对儿童保护服务叙述性数据审查所定义的忽视，并利用8岁儿童的功能状况检验不同忽视测量方法的有效性。
数据来自740名参与虐待和忽视儿童纵向研究联盟的儿童；其中481名儿童在8岁之前至少有一份儿童保护服务报告。对儿童保护服务记录进行审查，以确定儿童保护服务广泛的忽视类型以及使用虐待分类系统（MMCS）修改版的具体忽视亚型。检查忽视类型和亚型的频率及相关性。通过检查忽视测量方法与8岁儿童功能状况的关系来评估其有效性。
儿童保护服务忽视类型与MMCS亚型中度相关，MMCS忽视亚型之间也中度相关。总体而言，忽视与8岁儿童的功能状况仅呈适度关联（r2 = 1 - 4%），儿童保护服务忽视类型与MMCS亚型之间差异不大。忽视与儿童的总体及外化行为问题、社交障碍和日常生活技能受损存在显著关联。在具体亚型中，忽视儿童的医疗需求与外化行为问题、社交障碍和日常生活技能受损有关。忽视儿童的卫生需求与社交障碍有关。
儿童保护服务与MMCS忽视类型和亚型之间的中度相关性以及它们与儿童功能状况的相似关联表明，从儿童保护服务叙述性数据中编码忽视亚型所涉及的大量努力，对于儿童经历的忽视类型及其后果可能只能产生有限的额外知识。然而，MMCS确实提供了有关儿童经历的忽视性质的有用描述信息，并可能指导未来关于概念化忽视的最佳方式的研究和实践。
