Kelishadi Roya, Motlagh Mohammad Esmaeil, Bahreynian Maryam, Gharavi Mohammad Javad, Kabir Kourosh, Ardalan Gelayol, Safari Omid, Qorbani Mostafa
Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Noncommunicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Pediatrics, Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Int J Prev Med. 2015 Aug 14;6:77. doi: 10.4103/2008-7802.162953. eCollection 2015.
This paper presents the methodology and primary findings of a national project on determinants of weight disorders among Iranian children and adolescents at national and sub-national levels.
This nationwide study was conducted in 2011-2012 in Iran as part of the fourth phase of a national surveillance program entitled Childhood and Adolescence Surveillance and PreventIon of Adult Noncommunicable disease-IV study. It had two phases of qualitative and quantitative study. This multicentric study was conducted among 25,000 students aged 6-18 years, living in urban and rural areas of 30 provinces of Iran. Students were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. Data regarding weight disorders including sociodemographic variables, perinatal factors, lifestyle factors, family and student dietary habits, quality of life, and family history of chronic diseases as well as body image were gathered via validated questionnaires.
Overall, 23043 students completed the survey (participation rate: 92.17%). The mean age of participants was 12.55 ± 3.31 years; 50.8% were boys, and 73.4% were from urban areas. Underweight was found in 10.4% of boys and 9.2% of girls, the corresponding figure for overweight and obesity was 21% and 18.3%. Abdominal obesity was found in 17.6% of students. Among parents, obesity was more frequent than other weight disorders, with higher prevalence in parents of girls than boys (24.5% vs. 21.5%, respectively, P < 0.001). Overweight and obesity were more prevalent in urban than in rural parents (66.7% vs. 59.7%, respectively, P < 0.001).
This survey serves as confirmatory evidence on the prevalence of dual burden of weight disorders in Iran. Its findings on determinants of weight disorders would help policymakers to implement relevant programs at national and sub-national levels.
本文介绍了一项关于伊朗儿童和青少年体重失调决定因素的全国性项目在国家和国家以下层面的方法和主要研究结果。
这项全国性研究于2011年至2012年在伊朗进行，是名为“儿童和青少年监测与预防成人非传染性疾病-IV研究”的国家监测项目第四阶段的一部分。它包括定性和定量研究两个阶段。这项多中心研究在伊朗30个省份城乡地区的25000名6至18岁学生中进行。学生通过多阶段整群抽样方法选取。通过经过验证的问卷收集有关体重失调的数据，包括社会人口统计学变量、围产期因素、生活方式因素、家庭和学生饮食习惯、生活质量、慢性病家族史以及身体形象。
总体而言，23043名学生完成了调查（参与率：92.17%）。参与者的平均年龄为12.55±3.31岁；50.8%为男孩，73.4%来自城市地区。发现10.4%的男孩和9.2%的女孩体重过轻，超重和肥胖的相应比例分别为21%和18.3%。17.6%的学生存在腹型肥胖。在家长中，肥胖比其他体重失调更为常见，女孩家长中的患病率高于男孩家长（分别为24.5%和21.5%，P<0.001）。超重和肥胖在城市家长中比农村家长更为普遍（分别为66.7%和59.7%，P<0.001）。
这项调查为伊朗体重失调双重负担的患病率提供了确证性证据。其关于体重失调决定因素的研究结果将有助于政策制定者在国家和国家以下层面实施相关项目。
