Mabuchi Kohji, Okuda Noboru, Nishida Mutsumi
Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 1-15-1 Minamidai, Nakano-ku, Tokyo 164-8639, Japan.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2006 Jan;38(1):90-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2005.05.003. Epub 2005 Jun 23.
Cardinalfishes of the genus Apogon (Apogonidae) are one of the most speciose (>200 species) and numerically dominant fishes in coral reefs. Although the genus is divided into 10 subgenera, more than 70% of the species are included in the subgenus Ostorhinchus, most having either horizontal or vertical lines on the body. The phylogenetic relationship among 32 species of subgenus Ostorhinchus and 11 species of four other subgenera of Apogon, based on mitochondrially encoded 12S and 16S ribosomal genes and intervening tRNA(Val) gene, were investigated, using two species of the apogonid genus Fowleria as outgroups. The analyses demonstrated that Ostorhinchus (the most speciose subgenus) was polyphyletic, comprising at least three lineages, Ostorhinchus I, II, and III. Ostorhinchus I included two species, A. (O.) amboinensis and A. (O.) sangiensis, being a sister group to subgenus Zoramia. Ostorhinchus II and III included species with horizontal and vertical lines on the body, respectively. The respective monophylies of the latter two groups, together with a molecular clock calibration, indicated that in the evolutionary history of the genus, basic stripe patterns evolved first (more than 20 million years BP), with subsequent pattern diversification and modification.
天竺鲷属（天竺鲷科）的天竺鲷是珊瑚礁中种类最为丰富（超过200种）且数量占优的鱼类之一。尽管该属被分为10个亚属，但超过70%的物种包含在副天竺鲷亚属中，大多数个体身上具有横向或纵向条纹。基于线粒体编码的12S和16S核糖体基因以及居间的tRNA(Val)基因，以天竺鲷科的福氏天竺鲷属的两个物种作为外类群，研究了副天竺鲷亚属的32个物种与天竺鲷属其他四个亚属的11个物种之间的系统发育关系。分析表明，副天竺鲷亚属（种类最为丰富的亚属）是多系的，至少包括三个谱系，即副天竺鲷谱系I、II和III。副天竺鲷谱系I包括两个物种，即安汶副天竺鲷和桑义副天竺鲷，是佐拉天竺鲷亚属的姐妹群。副天竺鲷谱系II和III分别包括身上具有横向和纵向条纹的物种。后两个类群各自的单系性，连同分子钟校准，表明在该属的进化历史中，基本条纹模式首先出现（距今超过2000万年），随后是模式多样化和修饰。
