Pandharipande Pratik, Ely E Wesley
Division of Critical Care, Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Crit Care. 2005 Jun;9(3):247-8. doi: 10.1186/cc3523. Epub 2005 Apr 18.
Sedatives and analgesics are routinely used in the intensive care unit to relieve pain and anxiety. These agents have numerous side effects and may contribute to poor outcomes such as increased length of mechanical ventilation, longer ICU stays and acute and long-term cognitive dysfunction. Modifying sedation paradigms utilizing either narcotic-based regimens with remifentanil or fentanyl, or by using alpha2 agonists such as dexmedetomidine may help in improving these outcomes in critically ill patients.
镇静剂和镇痛药在重症监护病房中常规用于缓解疼痛和焦虑。这些药物有许多副作用,可能导致不良后果,如机械通气时间延长、重症监护病房住院时间延长以及急性和长期认知功能障碍。采用基于麻醉剂的方案(使用瑞芬太尼或芬太尼)或使用α2激动剂(如右美托咪定)来调整镇静模式,可能有助于改善危重症患者的这些结局。