Anishkin Andriy, Kung Ching
Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2005 Aug;15(4):397-405. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2005.06.002.
Because bacterial mechanosensitive channels have been cloned, purified, crystallized and subjected to a genetic, biochemical and physical scrutiny, they have become the current structural models of mechanosensation to atomic detail. The key observation, supported by recent mutagenesis studies, is that these channels receive stretch force directly through the lipid bilayer at the interface levels bearing highest tension. Indeed, simulations of mechanosensitive channels steered by strategically applied bilayer stretch forces show channel opening. Our understanding of the gating energetics and trajectory are continually being refined by the combination of approaches applied. In addition, new microbial mechanosensitive channels from the TRP family have been characterized in yeasts. Unified by fundamental biophysical principles of gating, mechanosensitive channels provide broad insight into protein-membrane interactions and the role of hydrophobic hydration in gating.
由于细菌机械敏感通道已被克隆、纯化、结晶，并经过遗传、生化和物理方面的详细研究，它们已成为目前在原子水平上机械感受的结构模型。最近的诱变研究支持的关键观察结果是，这些通道在承受最高张力的界面水平处直接通过脂质双层接收拉伸力。事实上，通过策略性施加双层拉伸力来操纵机械敏感通道的模拟显示通道开放。我们对门控能量学和轨迹的理解正在通过所应用方法的结合不断得到完善。此外，来自TRP家族的新型微生物机械敏感通道已在酵母中得到表征。机械敏感通道受门控基本生物物理原理的统一，为蛋白质-膜相互作用以及疏水水合作用在门控中的作用提供了广泛的见解。
