Treatment of chronic heel pain by surgical release of the first branch of the lateral plantar nerve.

Sixty-nine heels (53 patients) with chronic heel pain had a surgical release of the first branch of the lateral plantar nerve. The average duration of heel-pain symptoms was 23 months (range, six months to eight years). No patient had less than six months of conservative treatment before surgery. The average duration of preoperative conservative treatment was 14 months. Forty-four patients (83%) had taken nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents. Sixty-three heels (91%) had used heel cups and/or orthoses. Fifty-nine heels (86%) had received one or more injections of a steroid preparation. Thirty-four heels had developed pain initially during a sports activity. Postoperatively, 61 heels (89%) had excellent or good results; 57 heels (83%) had complete resolution of pain. The average follow-up period was 49 months. In general, heel pain resolves with conservative treatment. In recalcitrant cases, however, entrapment of the first branch lateral plantar nerve should be suspected. Surgical release of this nerve can be expected to provide excellent relief of pain and facilitate return to normal activity.