Wang Su-hua, Baillargeon Renée
Psychology Department, University of California-Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
Psychol Sci. 2005 Jul;16(7):542-9. doi: 10.1111/j.0956-7976.2005.01572.x.
There is increasing evidence that infants' representations of physical events can be enhanced through appropriate experiences in the laboratory. Most of this research has involved administering infants multiple training trials, often with multiple objects. In the present research, 8-month-olds were induced to detect a physical violation in a single trial. The experiments built on previous evidence that for occlusion events, infants encode height information at about age 3.5 months, but for covering events, they encode height information only at about age 12 months. In two experiments, a short cover was first placed in front of a short or a tall object (occlusion event); next, the cover was lowered over the tall object until it became fully hidden (covering event). Exposure to the occlusion event (but not other events in which height information was not encoded) enabled the infants to detect the violation in the covering event, much earlier than they would have otherwise.
越来越多的证据表明，通过实验室中的适当体验，可以增强婴儿对物理事件的表征。这项研究大多涉及对婴儿进行多次训练试验，通常使用多个物体。在本研究中，诱导8个月大的婴儿在单次试验中检测物理违规情况。这些实验基于先前的证据，即对于遮挡事件，婴儿在大约3.5个月大时编码高度信息，但对于覆盖事件，他们仅在大约12个月大时编码高度信息。在两个实验中，首先将一个短盖子放在一个矮物体或高物体前面（遮挡事件）；接下来，将盖子降低到高物体上方，直到它完全被隐藏（覆盖事件）。接触遮挡事件（而不是其他未编码高度信息的事件）使婴儿能够比其他情况下更早地检测到覆盖事件中的违规情况。
