The outcome of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer in women with polycystic ovary syndrome failing to conceive after ovulation induction with exogenous gonadotropins.

OBJECTIVE

To assess the outcome of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) in women with refractory polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).

DESIGN

Retrospective case series with an age-matched control group.

SETTING

Ovulation induction and IVF programs in a tertiary referral center.

PATIENTS AND INTERVENTIONS

Nine patients with PCOS who failed standard ovulation induction treatment (clomiphene citrate plus greater than or equal to 6 ovulatory human menopausal gonadotropin [hMG] cycles) underwent 19 cycles of IVF-ET. Forty age-matched tubal factor patients who completed 40 cycles of IVF-ET served as a control group.

OUTCOME MEASURES

Demographic features and IVF-ET cycle characteristics were compared using Student's t-test and Fisher's exact test.

RESULTS

Cycles of IVF-ET in patients with PCOS were associated with higher estradiol levels (5,222 versus 4,009 pmol/L), lower hMG requirements (15.8 versus 19.6 vials), greater numbers of oocytes (7.6 versus 5.6), and lower fertilization rates (56% versus 75%) compared with tubal factor cycles (P less than 0.05). However, the number of embryos transferred (3.9 versus 4.0) and the clinical pregnancy rate per embryo transfer (24% versus 25%) did not differ significantly between the two groups.

CONCLUSION

These results suggest that conception failure after six or more ovulatory hMG cycles in patients with PCOS does not adversely affect subsequent IVF performance.