Holzhammer J, Wöber C
Univ.-Klinik für Neurologie, Medizinische Universität Wien.
Schmerz. 2006 Jun;20(3):226-37. doi: 10.1007/s00482-005-0413-z.
Based on an overview of the literature, this contribution critically discusses the importance of non-alimentary trigger factors of migraine and tension-type headache. Menstruation, environmental factors, psychological effects as well as sleep disorders and fatigue are mentioned most frequently. According to controlled studies, menstruation is indubitably associated with an increased risk of headache. Although a correlation between specific meteorological parameters and the appearance of headaches was established in some patients, the subjective observations of the patients did not however correlate with the objective weather data. Sensory stimuli function as triggers particularly for migraine with aura. Psychological factors, especially stress and everyday pressures, have been confirmed as trigger factors, but further prospective trials addressing this issue would be advantageous. Additional studies are also needed to elucidate the significance of sleep (disorders) and fatigue since their importance as triggers or symptoms of a headache attack has not been conclusively determined.
基于文献综述，本文批判性地讨论了偏头痛和紧张型头痛的非饮食诱发因素的重要性。月经、环境因素、心理影响以及睡眠障碍和疲劳是最常被提及的因素。根据对照研究，月经无疑与头痛风险增加有关。尽管在一些患者中确定了特定气象参数与头痛发作之间的相关性，但患者的主观观察结果与客观天气数据并不相关。感觉刺激尤其对伴有先兆的偏头痛起触发作用。心理因素，特别是压力和日常压力，已被确认为触发因素，但进一步针对该问题的前瞻性试验将是有益的。还需要进行更多研究以阐明睡眠（障碍）和疲劳的重要性，因为它们作为头痛发作的触发因素或症状的重要性尚未最终确定。
