Birditt Kira S, Fingerman Karen L, Almeida David M
Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48104-2321, USA.
Psychol Aging. 2005 Jun;20(2):330-40. doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.20.2.330.
This study examines age differences in exposure and reactivity to interpersonal tensions. The data are from the National Study of Daily Experiences in which participants ages 25 to 74 (N = 666) completed phone interviews wherein they described interpersonal tensions and rated the stressfulness of the tensions each evening for 8 days. Coders rated descriptions for types of behavioral reactions. Multilevel models revealed older adults reported fewer interpersonal tensions, were more likely to report tensions with spouses, were less likely to report tensions with children, experienced less stress, and were less likely to argue and more likely to do nothing in response to tensions than were younger adults. Age differences in emotional and behavioral reactions did not appear to be due to variations in exposure to tensions. The discussion centers on why older people may be better able to regulate their reactions to problems than younger people.
本研究考察了人际紧张情境下暴露程度及反应的年龄差异。数据来自“日常经历全国性研究”，该研究中25至74岁的参与者（N = 666）完成了电话访谈，他们描述了人际紧张情境，并在8天里每晚对紧张情境的压力程度进行评分。编码员对行为反应类型的描述进行评分。多层次模型显示，与年轻人相比，老年人报告的人际紧张情境较少，更有可能报告与配偶之间的紧张关系，不太可能报告与子女之间的紧张关系，经历的压力较小，面对紧张情境时争吵的可能性较小，无所作为的可能性较大。情绪和行为反应的年龄差异似乎并非由于暴露于紧张情境的差异所致。讨论集中于为何老年人可能比年轻人更善于调节对问题的反应。
