McNaughton Sarah A, Marks Geoffrey C, Green Adele C
School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Queensland, United Kingdom.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2005 Jul;14(7):1596-607. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-05-0026.
The role of dietary factors in the development of skin cancer has been investigated for many years; however, the results of epidemiologic studies have not been systematically reviewed. This article reviews human studies of basal cell cancer (BCC) and squamous cell cancer (SCC) and includes all studies identified in the published scientific literature investigating dietary exposure to fats, retinol, carotenoids, vitamin E, vitamin C, and selenium. A total of 26 studies were critically reviewed according to study design and quality of the epidemiologic evidence. Overall, the evidence suggests a positive relationship between fat intake and BCC and SCC, an inconsistent association for retinol, and little relation between beta-carotene and BCC or SCC development. There is insufficient evidence on which to make a judgment about an association of other carotenoids with skin cancer. The evidence for associations between vitamin E, vitamin C, and selenium and both BCC and SCC is weak. Many of the existing studies contain limitations, however, and further well-designed and implemented studies are required to clarify the role of diet in skin cancer. Additionally, the role of other dietary factors, such as flavonoids and other polyphenols, which have been implicated in skin cancer development in animal models, needs to be investigated.
饮食因素在皮肤癌发生发展中的作用已被研究多年；然而，流行病学研究结果尚未得到系统综述。本文回顾了关于基底细胞癌（BCC）和鳞状细胞癌（SCC）的人体研究，包括已发表科学文献中确定的所有调查饮食中脂肪、视黄醇、类胡萝卜素、维生素E、维生素C和硒暴露情况的研究。根据研究设计和流行病学证据质量，对总共26项研究进行了严格审查。总体而言，证据表明脂肪摄入量与BCC和SCC之间存在正相关，视黄醇的关联不一致，β-胡萝卜素与BCC或SCC发生之间关系不大。关于其他类胡萝卜素与皮肤癌关联的证据不足，无法做出判断。维生素E、维生素C和硒与BCC和SCC之间关联的证据薄弱。然而，许多现有研究存在局限性，需要进一步设计良好且实施得当的研究来阐明饮食在皮肤癌中的作用。此外，其他饮食因素，如在动物模型中与皮肤癌发生有关的黄酮类化合物和其他多酚的作用，也需要进行研究。
