Yágüez L, Lange H W, Hömberg V
Dept. of Psychology, Henry Wellcome Building, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, UK.
J Neurol. 2006 Feb;253(2):186-93. doi: 10.1007/s00415-005-0951-4. Epub 2005 Jul 27.
Parkinson's disease (PD) and Huntington's disease (HD) patients have difficulties executing sequential movements. Attention control and short-term memory probably play an important role in programming sequential movements. To investigate the contribution of these cognitive factors to programming and executing visuomotor sequences in HD and PD patients a computerized version of the Corsi Block Tapping-Test was employed.
the performance of 11 patients with early stage PD, 11 HD patients with borderline to mild caudate atrophy and 20 healthy subjects was compared. The task was a reaction time task where targets were illuminated in groups of sequences increasing from 2 items to 5 items. Subjects reproduced the sequence (pressing the illuminated target) in the same order of appearance. Reaction Times and movement times were recorded.
PD patients had increasing difficulties in programming and executing series greater than three components. HD patients did not differ significantly from the controls, although they showed a tendency to lose accuracy in the longer series. Both patient groups did not differ in their attention span.
In PD although the spatial information may be well stored, they have difficulty accessing it when their attention is overloaded, leading to poor encoding and slow information processing. This process interferes with programming and execution of movement sequences. HD patients in the early stages of the illness seem to have more attention resources than PD patients, so that they start to show more problems in executing visuomotor sequences with longer movement sequences than PD patients.
帕金森病（PD）和亨廷顿病（HD）患者在执行连续动作时存在困难。注意力控制和短期记忆可能在编排连续动作中起重要作用。为了研究这些认知因素对HD和PD患者编排和执行视觉运动序列的作用，采用了计算机化的Corsi方块敲击测试。
比较了11例早期PD患者、11例尾状核萎缩程度为临界至轻度的HD患者和20名健康受试者的表现。任务是一个反应时间任务，目标按从2项到5项递增的序列分组亮起。受试者按目标出现的相同顺序重现序列（按下亮起的目标）。记录反应时间和运动时间。
PD患者在编排和执行超过三个组成部分的序列时困难增加。HD患者与对照组无显著差异，尽管在较长序列中他们显示出准确性下降的趋势。两组患者的注意力广度无差异。
在PD中，尽管空间信息可能存储良好，但当他们的注意力过载时，难以获取该信息，导致编码不佳和信息处理缓慢。这一过程干扰了运动序列的编排和执行。疾病早期的HD患者似乎比PD患者有更多的注意力资源，因此与PD患者相比，他们在执行更长运动序列的视觉运动序列时开始出现更多问题。
