Khawaja Muhammad Rizwanulhaq, Majeed A, Malik F, Merchant K A, Maqsood M, Malik R, Mazahir S, Naqvi H
Department of Psychiatry, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
J Pak Med Assoc. 2005 Jun;55(6):259-63.
To determine the point prevalence of benzodiazepine prescriptions for inpatients at a tertiary care university hospital in Pakistan and to correlate it with prescription patterns of various specialties, indications and demographic variables of the patients.
This 24-hours point prevalence study was done at The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. By convenient random sampling, 208 inpatients were interviewed. Patients' files were also studied to record the drugs administered. Data was entered into questionnaires and analyzed by SPSS 10.0.
The point prevalence of the benzodiazepines was 21.2%. It was higher among males than females and among surgical than non-surgical patients. Midazolam was the most commonly used benzodiazepine, followed by Alprazolam and Lorazepam. Pre-anesthesia and psychiatric symptoms were the two most common indications. Oral route was used in 84% patients for drug administration and mean Valium equivalent dosage was 4.86 mg/day. Mean length of prescription was 3 days. Longer duration of hospitalization was a significant predictor of the requirement of benzodiazepine prescription (p-value = 0.020).
Prescription pattern of benzodiazepines at a tertiary care university hospital is similar to that reported in the developed countries through monitoring at various levels by physicians, clinical pharmacist and nursing staff. Data regarding the prescription pattern of benzodiazepines is scarce, and it needs to be expanded to formulate clear guidelines regarding their prescription.
确定巴基斯坦一家三级护理大学医院住院患者苯二氮䓬类药物的处方时点患病率，并将其与各专科的处方模式、患者的适应证及人口统计学变量相关联。
本24小时时点患病率研究在卡拉奇的阿迦汗大学医院进行。通过便利随机抽样，对208名住院患者进行了访谈。还研究了患者病历以记录所使用的药物。数据录入问卷并采用SPSS 10.0进行分析。
苯二氮䓬类药物的时点患病率为21.2%。男性高于女性，外科患者高于非外科患者。咪达唑仑是最常用的苯二氮䓬类药物，其次是阿普唑仑和劳拉西泮。麻醉前用药和精神症状是最常见的两种适应证。84%的患者采用口服途径给药，平均地西泮等效剂量为4.86毫克/天。平均处方时长为3天。住院时间较长是苯二氮䓬类药物处方需求的一个重要预测因素（p值 = 0.020）。
通过医生、临床药师和护理人员在各个层面的监测，一家三级护理大学医院的苯二氮䓬类药物处方模式与发达国家报告的相似。关于苯二氮䓬类药物处方模式的数据稀缺，需要加以扩充以制定明确的处方指南。
