Garcés-Sánchez M D, Díez-Domingo J, Ballester Sanz A, Peidró Boronat C, García López M, Antón Crespo V, Peris Vidal A, Baldo Poblet J M, Gallego García D
Centro de Salud de Torrent, Torrent, Valencia. España.
An Pediatr (Barc). 2005 Aug;63(2):125-30. doi: 10.1157/13077454.
To assess the incidence of community acquired pneumonia in the Autonomous Community of Valencia in Spain, and describe its treatment and complications.
A retrospective cohort comprising 654 children born in 1995 and 1996 in Valencia and followed-up during the first 5 years of life by nine pediatricians was studied. The number of cases of pneumonia, treatment, complications and interventions was recorded.
Ninety-nine episodes of community-acquired pneumonia in 80 children were recorded (1.24 cases/child). Fifty-one cases (51.1 %) occurred before the child's third birthday and 38 (38.4 %) occurred between the third and the fourth. Of the 99 cases, 51 were diagnosed in primary care and 46 in the emergency room. There was a mean of 2.44 visits per process in primary care (range 1-6). All the children were treated with antibiotics. The most frequently used were amoxicillin-clavulanate (43.3 %) and cefuroxime (26.3 %). Fourteen patients required a change of antibiotic. Twenty-three percent of the children were hospitalized.
The incidence of community-acquired pneumonia in Valencia was 30.3 cases/1000 children aged less than 5 years/ year (95 % CI: 18.7-46.8), and the incidence of hospitalization was 7.03 cases/1000 children aged less than 5 years/year.
评估西班牙巴伦西亚自治区社区获得性肺炎的发病率，并描述其治疗方法及并发症。
对1995年和1996年在巴伦西亚出生、由9名儿科医生在出生后头5年进行随访的654名儿童进行回顾性队列研究。记录肺炎病例数、治疗方法、并发症及干预措施。
共记录到80名儿童发生99次社区获得性肺炎发作（1.24例/儿童）。51例（51.1%）发生在儿童3岁生日前，38例（38.4%）发生在3岁至4岁之间。99例中，51例在初级保健机构确诊，46例在急诊室确诊。初级保健机构中每个病例平均就诊2.44次（范围1 - 6次）。所有儿童均接受抗生素治疗。最常用的是阿莫西林 - 克拉维酸（43.3%）和头孢呋辛（26.3%）。14名患者需要更换抗生素。23%的儿童住院治疗。
巴伦西亚社区获得性肺炎的发病率为30.3例/1000名5岁以下儿童/年（95%置信区间：18.7 - 46.8），住院发病率为7.03例/1000名5岁以下儿童/年。
