Zeytinogla Isik Uurla, Seaton M Bianca, Lillevik Waheeda, Moruz Josefina
McMaster University, DeGroote School of Business, Hamilton, On, L8S 4M4, Canada.
Women Health. 2005;41(1):87-107. doi: 10.1300/j013v41n01_06.
Women workers dominate the labor market of part-time and casual jobs in Canada and other industrialized countries, particularly in the retail trade and consumer services sector. However, research into the occupational health consequences of part-time and casual jobs for this large group of women workers is still in its early stages. Emerging evidence suggests that part-time and casual jobs contribute to stress and result in health problems for women. To learn about the impact of part-time and casual jobs on women's experiences of stress and their resulting physical and emotional health, we conducted interviews and focus groups with occupational health and safety union representatives and female workers in retail and consumer services. Results show that stress is a major occupational health problem for these women, due to the working conditions in part-time and casual jobs, the psychosocial work environment, and the gendered work environment in the retail trade and consumer services. Stress from part-time and casual jobs results in repetitive strain injuries, migraine headaches, and feelings of low self-esteem, low motivation, and job dissatisfaction for women. The disconcerting implication of our research is that part-time and casual employment comes at a cost for some women.
在加拿大和其他工业化国家，女性员工在兼职和临时工作的劳动力市场中占主导地位，尤其是在零售贸易和消费服务行业。然而，针对这一庞大女性员工群体从事兼职和临时工作对职业健康产生的影响的研究仍处于早期阶段。新出现的证据表明，兼职和临时工作会导致压力，并给女性带来健康问题。为了了解兼职和临时工作对女性压力体验以及她们由此产生的身心健康的影响，我们与职业健康与安全工会代表以及零售和消费服务行业的女性员工进行了访谈和焦点小组讨论。结果表明，由于兼职和临时工作的工作条件、心理社会工作环境以及零售贸易和消费服务行业的性别化工作环境，压力是这些女性面临的一个主要职业健康问题。兼职和临时工作带来的压力会导致女性出现重复性劳损、偏头痛，以及自尊心低落、动力不足和工作不满等情绪。我们研究令人不安的结果是，对一些女性来说，兼职和临时工作是有代价的。
