Kim Juhee, Must Aviva, Fitzmaurice Garrett M, Gillman Matthew W, Chomitz Virginia, Kramer Ellen, McGowan Robert, Peterson Karen E
Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2005 Sep;95(9):1588-94. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2004.054015. Epub 2005 Jul 28.
To monitor annual changes in weight status, we determined incidence and remission rates of overweight among school-aged children with longitudinal school-based surveillance.
We estimated 1-year changes in weight status among students enrolled in public schools in Cambridge, Mass. Physical education teachers measured height and weight annually. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were estimated via multivariate logistic regression, accounting for repeated observations of individual children across years.
The 1-year incidence of overweight was 4%, and the remission rate was 15%. Among overweight children, 85% remained overweight at a 1-year follow-up, while 18% of children at risk for overweight became overweight. Overweight incidence rates were higher among children aged 7 and 8 years than among those aged 11 to 13 years (boys: OR=1.68; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.14, 2.47; girls: OR=1.86; 95% CI=1.25, 2.77).
Both incidence and remission rates were higher among younger children. Children who were at risk for overweight were more likely to change their weight status than those who were already overweight. Our results support targeting overweight prevention efforts toward younger children and children at risk for overweight.
为监测体重状况的年度变化，我们通过基于学校的纵向监测确定了学龄儿童中超重的发病率和缓解率。
我们估计了马萨诸塞州剑桥市公立学校学生体重状况的1年变化。体育教师每年测量身高和体重。通过多变量逻辑回归估计调整后的优势比（OR），并考虑了对单个儿童多年的重复观察。
超重的1年发病率为4%，缓解率为15%。在超重儿童中，85%在1年随访时仍超重，而18%有超重风险的儿童变为超重。7岁和8岁儿童的超重发病率高于11至13岁儿童（男孩：OR=1.68；95%置信区间[CI]=1.14，2.47；女孩：OR=1.86；95%CI=1.25，2.77）。
年幼儿童的发病率和缓解率均较高。有超重风险的儿童比已经超重的儿童更有可能改变其体重状况。我们的结果支持将超重预防工作针对年幼儿童和有超重风险的儿童。
