Blacker Anthony J R
J Endourol. 2005 Jul-Aug;19(6):748-52. doi: 10.1089/end.2005.19.748.
To enable all personnel involved with laparoscopy to obtain cheap and ready practice in a variety of situations.
A number of components are required to practice laparoscopic techniques: a cavity, lighting, video imaging, instruments, operating sutures, etc. and operative tissue. Alternative ways of using contemporary, cheap, readily available materials and resources such as a Web camera and a cardboard box are described to construct a fully functioning laparoscopic trainer.
These readily available techniques offer simple and effective laparoscopic practice for both novices and experienced laparoscopists.
