Ueshima H, Ozawa H, Baba S, Nakamoto Y, Omae T, Shimamoto T, Komachi Y
Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Japan.
J Clin Epidemiol. 1992 Jun;45(6):667-73. doi: 10.1016/0895-4356(92)90139-e.
Many epidemiological cross-sectional studies have confirmed that alcohol drinking is related to high blood pressure. However, the impact of alcohol drinking on high blood pressure in the general population including older people has only been reported on in a few studies. The association between alcohol drinking and blood pressure or the prevalence of hypertension was examined using cross-sectional data of 4795 men and 6102 women aged 30-94, randomly selected from the Japanese population in 1980. The response rates were 74 and 84% for men and women, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension adjusted for body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) was significantly higher in everyday male drinkers than in male non-drinkers from the youngest age group (30-39 years) to oldest age group (70 years and over). A relationship between alcohol and blood pressure was found only in the youngest age group (30-39 years) of female drinkers. In each 10-year age-group of men, the BMI-adjusted systolic and diastolic blood pressures in everyday drinkers were 7-10 and 4-6 mmHg higher than those in non-drinkers. The relationship between alcohol and blood pressure in men was confirmed by multiple regression analysis adjusting for age and BMI in both younger (30-59 years) and older (60-94 years) people. The impact of alcohol drinking on blood pressure in men should be taken into account in the primary prevention of blood pressure related diseases and in the treatment of hypertension in both younger and older people.
许多流行病学横断面研究证实饮酒与高血压有关。然而，饮酒对包括老年人在内的普通人群高血压的影响仅有少数研究报道。利用1980年从日本人群中随机选取的4795名30 - 94岁男性和6102名30 - 94岁女性的横断面数据，研究了饮酒与血压或高血压患病率之间的关联。男性和女性的应答率分别为74%和84%。从最年轻年龄组（30 - 39岁）到最年长年龄组（70岁及以上），日常饮酒的男性经体重指数（BMI，kg/m²）调整后的高血压患病率显著高于不饮酒的男性。仅在最年轻年龄组（30 - 39岁）的女性饮酒者中发现饮酒与血压之间存在关联。在男性的每个10岁年龄组中，日常饮酒者经BMI调整后的收缩压和舒张压比不饮酒者高7 - 10 mmHg和4 - 6 mmHg。通过对年轻人（30 - 59岁）和老年人（60 - 94岁）的年龄和BMI进行调整的多元回归分析，证实了男性饮酒与血压之间的关系。在血压相关疾病的一级预防以及年轻人和老年人的高血压治疗中，应考虑饮酒对男性血压的影响。
