Iizuka Ayako, Haritani Makoto, Shiono Mitsuo, Sato Mitsuo, Fukuda Osamu, Hagiwara Atsuko, Miyazaki Shigeru, Tanimura Nobuhiko, Kimura Kumiko, Nakazawa Kyoko, Kobayashi Masaru, Takahashi Takashi, Saito Toshiya, Fukai Katsuhiko
Tochigi Prefectural Ken-oh Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Japan.
J Vet Med Sci. 2005 Jul;67(7):693-9. doi: 10.1292/jvms.67.693.
Seven of 92 lactating Holstein cows on a dairy farm developed urticaria with alopecia and decreased milk production, and three of the seven died over the course of 7 to 18 days. Pathologic examination of the three cows, including the two dead and one euthanized cow, revealed that the skin, liver, spleen, kidneys, heart, salivary glands, pancreas, adrenal glands, mammary glands, lymph nodes, and trigeminal ganglia had lymphocytic to lymphogranulomatous inflammation. Inflammation predominated by lymphocytic infiltration was prominent in the heart, pancreas, mammary glands, adrenal gland, and trigeminal ganglia. Severe granulomatous inflammation with multinucleated giant cells was present in the spleen and kidneys. These lesions and their distributions were most similar to those seen in suspected cases of citrus pulp toxicosis and hairy vetch toxicosis. The outbreak of this disease resolved with the elimination of Citrus pulp from the feed. Immunohistochemical detection of lymphocytes and macrophage markers confirmed dramatic hyperplasia of CD3-positive T lymphocytes in these lesions. This strongly suggested that a type 4 hypersensitivity reaction played a role in the development of the lesions.
一个奶牛场的92头泌乳荷斯坦奶牛中有7头发病，出现荨麻疹、脱毛且产奶量下降，其中3头在7至18天内死亡。对3头奶牛（包括2头死亡奶牛和1头实施安乐死的奶牛）进行病理检查发现，皮肤、肝脏、脾脏、肾脏、心脏、唾液腺、胰腺、肾上腺、乳腺、淋巴结和三叉神经节出现淋巴细胞性至淋巴肉芽肿性炎症。以淋巴细胞浸润为主的炎症在心脏、胰腺、乳腺、肾上腺和三叉神经节中较为明显。脾脏和肾脏出现伴有多核巨细胞的严重肉芽肿性炎症。这些病变及其分布与疑似柑橘果肉中毒和毛苕子中毒病例中所见最为相似。随着饲料中柑橘果肉的去除，该病疫情得到缓解。淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞标志物的免疫组化检测证实，这些病变中CD3阳性T淋巴细胞显著增生。这强烈表明，IV型超敏反应在病变发展中起了作用。
