Hardy Amy, Fowler David, Freeman Daniel, Smith Ben, Steel Craig, Evans Jane, Garety Philippa, Kuipers Elizabeth, Bebbington Paul, Dunn Graham
Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2005 Aug;193(8):501-7. doi: 10.1097/01.nmd.0000172480.56308.21.
Recent research indicates that there may be phenomenological, symptom, and diagnostic associations between trauma and hallucinations. However, the nature of the relationship is poorly understood from a psychological perspective. We report a theoretically informed phenomenological study. From descriptions of reported traumas and hallucinations, we assessed the rates of four types of hypothesized association between traumas and hallucinations (direct, indirect, stress, and none) in 75 participants with nonaffective psychosis. In a subgroup who had experienced trauma (N = 40), 12.5% had hallucinations with similar themes and content to their traumas, 45% had hallucinations in which the themes were the same but not the content, and 42.5% had no identifiable associations between their hallucinations and previously experienced trauma. Traumas rated as intrusive were significantly associated with hallucinations rated as intrusive, although intrusive hallucinations were not associated with traumas in general. The traumas most likely to be associated with hallucinations were sexual abuse and bullying.
近期研究表明，创伤与幻觉之间可能存在现象学、症状及诊断方面的关联。然而，从心理学角度来看，这种关系的本质尚不清楚。我们报告一项基于理论的现象学研究。从所报告的创伤和幻觉描述中，我们评估了75名非情感性精神病患者中创伤与幻觉之间四种假设关联类型（直接、间接、应激和无关联）的发生率。在经历过创伤的亚组（N = 40）中，12.5%的患者出现的幻觉主题和内容与其创伤相似，45%的患者幻觉主题相同但内容不同，42.5%的患者幻觉与既往经历的创伤之间无明显关联。被评为侵入性的创伤与被评为侵入性的幻觉显著相关，不过一般而言，侵入性幻觉与创伤并无关联。最有可能与幻觉相关的创伤是性虐待和欺凌。
