Fang Pei-Chun, Stepniewska Iwona, Kaas Jon H
Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
J Comp Neurol. 2005 Sep 26;490(3):305-33. doi: 10.1002/cne.20665.
The ipsilateral connections of motor areas of galagos were determined by injecting tracers into primary motor cortex (M1), dorsal premotor area (PMD), ventral premotor area (PMV), supplementary motor area (SMA), and frontal eye field (FEF). Other injections were placed in frontal cortex and in posterior parietal cortex to define the connections of motor areas further. Intracortical microstimulation was used to identify injection sites and map motor areas in the same cases. The major connections of M1 were with premotor cortex, SMA, cingulate motor cortex, somatosensory areas 3a and 1, and the rostral half of posterior parietal cortex. Less dense connections were with the second (S2) and parietal ventral (PV) somatosensory areas. Injections in PMD labeled neurons across a mediolateral belt of posterior parietal cortex extending from the medial wall to lateral to the intraparietal sulcus. Other inputs came from SMA, M1, PMV, and adjoining frontal cortex. PMV injections labeled neurons across a large zone of posterior parietal cortex, overlapping the region projecting to PMD but centered more laterally. Other connections were with M1, PMD, and frontal cortex and sparsely with somatosensory areas 3a, 1-2, S2, and PV. SMA connections were with medial posterior parietal cortex, cingulate motor cortex, PMD, and PMV. An FEF injection labeled neurons in the intraparietal sulcus. Injections in posterior parietal cortex revealed that the rostral half receives somatosensory inputs, whereas the caudal half receives visual inputs. Thus, posterior parietal cortex links visual and somatosensory areas with motor fields of frontal cortex.
通过将示踪剂注入夜猴的初级运动皮层（M1）、背侧运动前区（PMD）、腹侧运动前区（PMV）、辅助运动区（SMA）和额叶眼区（FEF），确定了其运动区的同侧连接。在额叶皮层和顶叶后皮层进行了其他注射，以进一步明确运动区的连接。在相同的实验案例中，采用皮层内微刺激来确定注射部位并绘制运动区图谱。M1的主要连接对象是运动前皮层、SMA、扣带运动皮层、体感区3a和1以及顶叶后皮层的喙侧半部分。与第二体感区（S2）和顶叶腹侧（PV）体感区的连接较稀疏。在PMD注射示踪剂后，标记了顶叶后皮层从内侧壁延伸至顶内沟外侧的一个内外侧带中的神经元。其他输入来自SMA、M1、PMV和相邻的额叶皮层。PMV注射标记了顶叶后皮层的一个大区域内的神经元，该区域与投射到PMD的区域重叠，但更偏向外侧集中。其他连接对象是M1、PMD和额叶皮层，与体感区3a、1 - 2、S2和PV的连接较少。SMA的连接对象是顶叶后内侧皮层、扣带运动皮层、PMD和PMV。FEF注射标记了顶内沟中的神经元。顶叶后皮层的注射显示，喙侧半部分接收体感输入，而尾侧半部分接收视觉输入。因此，顶叶后皮层将视觉和体感区与额叶皮层的运动区联系起来。
