Hindmarch I, ElSohly M, Gambles J, Salamone S
HPRU Medical Research Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
J Clin Forensic Med. 2001 Dec;8(4):197-205. doi: 10.1054/jcfm.2001.0513.
The results of 3303 analyses of urine samples, collected in an independent testing programme from individuals who claimed to have been sexually assaulted and believed that drugs were involved, were examined in detail. Of the samples provided, 2026 (61.3%) proved positive for one or more substances. Alcohol, either alone or in combination with other drugs, was by far the commonest substance found, being present in 1358 samples (67.0% of positives). Cannabis was the second most prevalent drug, present in 613 samples, (30.3% of positives). Detailed examination of the testing results does not support the contention that any single drug, apart from alcohol, can be particularly identified as a 'date rape' drug. Rather, the alleged sexual assaults may often take place against a background of licit or recreational alcohol or drug use, where alcohol and other drugs are frequently taken together. The extensive forensic database examined here does not support the concept of a commonly occurring 'date rape' scenario, in which the victim's drink is covertly 'spiked' with a tablet, capsule or powder containing a sedative-hypnotic. This research highlights the need for the early collection of forensic samples in cases of alleged sexual assault. Law enforcement agencies and health professionals should establish guidelines and procedures to ensure that appropriate forensic samples (blood and urine) are collected in a timely manner following allegations of possible drug mediated sexual assault.
对在一项独立检测项目中收集的3303份尿液样本的结果进行了详细检查，这些样本来自声称遭受性侵犯且认为涉及毒品的个人。在所提供的样本中，2026份（61.3%）被证明对一种或多种物质呈阳性反应。单独或与其他药物联用的酒精是迄今为止发现的最常见物质，存在于1358份样本中（占阳性样本的67.0%）。大麻是第二常见的药物，存在于613份样本中（占阳性样本的30.3%）。对检测结果的详细检查并不支持这样的观点，即除酒精外，任何单一药物都可被特别认定为“约会强奸”药物。相反，所谓的性侵犯可能经常发生在合法或消遣性饮酒或吸毒的背景下，酒精和其他药物经常一起服用。此处所检查的广泛法医数据库并不支持常见的“约会强奸”情形的概念，即受害者的饮料被偷偷掺入含有镇静催眠药的片剂、胶囊或粉末。这项研究强调了在涉嫌性侵犯案件中尽早收集法医样本的必要性。执法机构和卫生专业人员应制定指导方针和程序，以确保在有人指控可能发生药物介导的性侵犯后及时收集适当的法医样本（血液和尿液）。
