Zervou Eleftheria K, Gatselis Nikolaos K, Xanthi Epthemia, Ziciadis Kostas, Georgiadou Sarah P, Dalekos Georgios N
The Blood Bank, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005 Sep;17(9):911-5. doi: 10.1097/00042737-200509000-00005.
No study has investigated the intrafamilial spread of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Greece. We conducted a 9-year prospective study to determine the rate of HBV spread in family members when a member is identified as an HBV carrier, the possible routes and risk factors for transmission of HBV and the family members with the highest risk of infection according to kinship degrees.
A total of 387 family members of 166 hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers were investigated for the detection of HBV infection markers using standard enzyme immunoassays; 6.696 blood donors from the same area were used as controls.
Serological markers of past or current HBV infection were detected significantly more frequently among family members of HBsAg carriers (23.2 and 15.8%, respectively) compared with blood donors (14.1 and 0.85%, respectively). The prevalence of the above markers was higher among siblings, husbands and parents of the carriers. Offspring of the female index cases had higher rates of current or past infection. HBV infection markers were significantly increased in family members who reported common use of syringes (P<0.001), birth in rural areas (P<0.001) and a low level of education (P<0.001).
We demonstrated a high risk of HBV transmission among family members of HBsAg carriers, which was associated with special risk factors for contracting HBV. Our findings indicate the need for strict adherence to the universal guidelines of vaccination against HBV and also the need for an immediate investigation of other potentially infected relatives among family members of HBsAg carriers.
希腊尚无研究调查乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）在家庭内部的传播情况。我们开展了一项为期9年的前瞻性研究，以确定当一名家庭成员被确定为HBV携带者时，其家庭成员中HBV的传播率、HBV传播的可能途径和危险因素，以及根据亲属关系程度确定感染风险最高的家庭成员。
使用标准酶免疫分析法对166名乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）携带者的387名家庭成员进行HBV感染标志物检测；将来自同一地区的6696名献血者作为对照。
与献血者（分别为14.1%和0.85%）相比，HBsAg携带者家庭成员中过去或当前HBV感染的血清学标志物检测频率显著更高（分别为23.2%和15.8%）。上述标志物在携带者的兄弟姐妹、配偶和父母中的患病率更高。女性索引病例的后代当前或过去感染率更高。报告共用注射器（P<0.001）、在农村地区出生（P<0.001）和教育程度低（P<0.001）的家庭成员中HBV感染标志物显著增加。
我们证明了HBsAg携带者家庭成员中HBV传播的高风险，这与感染HBV的特殊危险因素有关。我们的研究结果表明，需要严格遵守普遍的HBV疫苗接种指南，也需要立即对HBsAg携带者家庭成员中其他可能感染的亲属进行调查。
